Survivability Considerations for Design of Government Private Wireless Networks Clay Whitehead Motorola Networks and Enterprise

2 Private Land Mobile Radio Terrestrial based wireless communications Offers customized coverage, capacity, control and feature sets Primarily hand-held communications devices One to many dispatch call model – voice is priority Disparate frequency bands – government agencies hold the licenses Private government funded network Mostly proprietary technology, but rapidly moving towards standards-based platforms What is Land Mobile Radio?

3 Private Land Mobile Radio Extended power grid failures Failure of back-up power systems Network connectivity lost Extensive flooding of facilities and equipment shelters Towers fail Point to point links fail Single points of failure in critical components/subsystems E911/Dispatch center evacuations Lightning damage to equipment When do LMR Systems Fail?

4 Private Land Mobile Radio Many remain fully or partially operational – Full coverage and capacity – Fallback modes of operation – Reduced coverage or capacity Those impaired or with minor failures are usually restored shortly thereafter What Happens to First Responder Communication Systems?

5 Private Land Mobile Radio Robust coverage and RF saturation/innovative in-building penetration solutions Stricter site design standards Redundancy of all critical control components Allocate additional capacity and spectrum for State and Local Government (broadband) Enhance network security and monitoring tools Soft-switch interfaces between public and private systems Fuel cell technology for handheld/mobile devices Enhanced disaster recovery solutions Where Can We Improve Survivability?

6 Palmetto 800 Private Land Mobile Radio LMR Radio System Coverage – Palmetto 800 Network

7 Private Land Mobile Radio Denser site configuration; more RF saturation More overlap between sites, including simulcast cells in the urban areas Individual site failures have less impact LMR Radio System Coverage – Illinois Starcom 21 Network

8 Private Land Mobile Radio Composed of manufacturers, commercial real estate companies, cellular carriers and first responders Value to public safety – Ability to communicate within buildings and from inside the building to command and control locations – Improved situational awareness, command and control – Fewer injuries and loss of property and life – Decreased response time for fire or injury emergency – Critical communications for instruction and evacuation IBWA - In Building Wireless Alliance

9 Private Land Mobile Radio Design for Category 5 hurricanes in coastal areas/hurricane landfall zones – Towers with higher wind load ratings – Hardened physical security Elevated sites and power systems Main Switching Office redundancy Back up site connectivity – Telco – Point to point microwave – Spread spectrum technologies – Satellite Enhance LMR Communication Site Standards

10 Private Land Mobile Radio Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 mandates spectrum clearing by February 17, 2009 Various associations seeking additional spectrum for public safety Guard Band MHz 12 MHz 12 MHz Guard Band 1 MHz 2 MHz Guard Band 15 MHz 15 MHz CMRS (to be auctioned) CMRS (to be auctioned) Additional Spectrum Needed for First Responders

11 Remotely monitors LMR system health – most do not have this service Staffed 24/7 Knowledge database of approved solutions System labs for problem replication Access to system platform architects Automated escalation management system Quality review process Remote system software downloads National Communication System collaboration Network Operations Centers Private Land Mobile Radio

12 Private Land Mobile Radio Public Commercial Cellular Public Broadband Mesh, Private Broadband IP Soft Switching Custom: Coverage Capacity Capability Control Opportunistic Use of: Consumer Coverage Consumer Capability PRIVATE PUBLIC Future of Communications for Government Agencies Private Land Mobile Radio

13 IssueCurrent SolutionsFuture Enhancers Primary Radio System Down Cellular Carriers Down Deployable infrastructure to restore primary service Backup sites Radios programmed for other nearby systems Intelligent Mobile Network to route data from any Source…Seamless Mobility Satellite phone handsets Parked vehicular broadband satellite Software Define Radios for single radio multi-band and multi-mode access P25 Voice and Data over any available Broadband IP Vehicle in motion broadband Satellite > P25 voice/data > streaming video > VoIP phone > WLAN hot spot Private Land Mobile Radio Emerging Technologies for Disaster Recovery

14 IssueCurrent Solutions Future Enhancers Extended Power Outage Fixed – generators, UPS Street – mobile radios (gas) Run fresh batteries out to Portable radio users FUEL CELL Chargers FUEL CELL Radios Private Land Mobile Radio Emerging Technologies for Alternate Energy Sources

15 Private Land Mobile Radio All networks should be hardened in terms of physical security, performance and resilience to electro-mechanical failures Additional spectrum for voice, broadband and multi-media services is critical to first responders Private network partnerships with public network carriers Funding, funding, funding Summary

16 Private Land Mobile Radio Project 25 Technology Interest Group Association of Public Safety Communications Officers In Building Wireless Alliance Spectrum Coalition for Public Safety National Public Safety Telecommunications Council Fuel Cells Additional Web-based Resources