© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Telecom & Networks Fundamentals Telecom Components Computer Networks Network Applications Please turn your cell phone off.

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Fundamentals of Telecommunications

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Telecommunications Telecommunications: The electronic transmission of signals over a medium for communications.

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Types of Signals Analog Signal: transmit sound using continuously varying levels of voltage. Digital Signal: transmits data using two discrete states of voltage: high and low

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Signal Frequency Frequency: the speed at which a signal changes from high to low. Bandwidth: the range of signal frequencies that can be sent over a given medium at the same time.  Often expressed as bits per second  Broadband: faster than 200Kbps

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Review: Fundamentals

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Network Media, Devices, and Software The fundamental components of telecommunications networks

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. 8 Networking Media Coaxial Cable Fiber Optic Cable Twisted Pair Cable Radio Waves

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Radio Waves Radio waves use differing frequencies to carry many types of information:  AM & FM Radio  Short Wave & CB Radio  Television Broadcasts  Garage Doors Openers  Baby Monitors  Cordless Phones  Cell Phones  Radio Controlled Cars and Airplanes  Global Positioning Systems  Wireless Computer Networks  Microwave Communications

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. 10 High-frequency radio signals sent up to 30 miles through the air. Microwave Communications

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. 11 Microwave Communications Line-of-sight communications !

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. 12 Microwave Communications SatelliteTransmission Line-of-sight required

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Global Positioning System (GPS) GPS: uses satellites to pinpoint the location of receivers on earth. Aircraft Navigation

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. GPS GPS: uses satellites to pinpoint the location of receivers on earth. Seacraft Autopilot

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. GPS GPS: uses satellites to pinpoint the location of receivers on earth. Automobile Navigation

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. GPS GPS: uses satellites to pinpoint the location of receivers on earth. Computing

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. GPS GPS: uses satellites to pinpoint the location of receivers on earth. Handheld Navigation

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. GPS GPS: uses satellites to pinpoint the location of receivers on earth. Child Safety

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. GPS GPS: uses satellites to pinpoint the location of receivers on earth. Emergency Call

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. GPS GPS: uses satellites to pinpoint the location of receivers on earth. Auto-emergency Call

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) Wi-Fi: devices that communicate wirelessly using the protocol. Access Point 250-1,000 ft range b 4.5 Mbps g 11 Mbps ytlh/utilities/ubcs/c anopy.htmlhttp://talgov.com/cit ytlh/utilities/ubcs/c anopy.html

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Bluetooth Bluetooth: Wireless technology that enables a wide variety of digital devices to communicate directly. 33 ft range 1 Mbps

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Infrared(IRDA) Infrared technology utilizes infrared rays to send data over a short distance wirelessly. 4 ft range Narrow-angle cone (30 o ) Line-of-sight 4-16 Mbps

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Wireless Comparison Wi-fiAccess point centered LAN Omni- direction Through obstructions 250 ft range indoors 11 Mbps BluetoothPoint-to- point Omni- direction Through obstructions 33 ft1 Mbps InfraredPoint-to- point Narrow- angle Line-of-sight4 ft4 Mbps

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Networking Devices Modem: modulates and demodulates signals from one form to another. Network Adapter: Expansion card, or external device installed on a computing device used to connect to a network.

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Networking Devices Network Control Devices:  Hub/Switch Controls flow of data between devices on a network  Router Routs packets to destinations and connects one network to another  Wireless Access Point Allows devices to connect wirelessly to a wired network

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) RFID Device: tiny microprocessor combined with antenna able to store and broadcast identifying information to an RFID reader. Currently on hold until security issues are addressed.

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Review: Telecom Components

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Networks and Distributed Computing

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Networking Software Network Operating System (NOS)  system software that controls the communications between computer systems and devices on a network. Protocols  an agreed-upon format for transferring data between devices. Standard  an agreed-upon way of doing something within an industry. Ethernet  the most widely used network standard for private networks.

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Computer Network Concepts Distributed Computing  Refers to a computing environment that includes multiple remote computers that work together to solve problems and provide services. Database Servers Application Servers File Servers Print Servers

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Types of Computer Networks

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Local Area Network (LAN)  Connects computer systems and devices within a common geographic area

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. System Administrator Local Area Network Star topology Bus topology Servers Wireless access point switch

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. router Wide Area Network Connects LANs between cities, cross country, and around the world using microwave and satellite transmission or telephone lines. FSU Tallahassee LAN FSU Panama City LAN WAN

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Global Area Network (GAN)  An International network

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Personal Area Network (PAN)  The wireless interconnection of personal information technology devices within the range of an individual.  Mostly associated with Bluetooth technology

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Network Technologies Intranet  A private network that utilizes Internet and Web protocols and software. Virtual Private Network (VPN)  Uses the Internet to connect an organization’s networks dispersed around the world into one large intranet.

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. PAN – Alternative Definition Personal Area Network (PAN)  The human body is used to conduct a minimal electric current to transfer information from one individual to another. The original PAN was designed by Thomas Zimmerman and allowed users to pass digital electronic information through touch, by transferring information from one person’s device to another’s, running a subtle current through the body.

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Exchange s through handshake TWO Japanese telecoms giants have developed technology that turns the human body into a broadband-paced link that allows addresses to be exchanged through a simple handshake, a report said Monday. The technology, developed by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp. and its subsidiary NTT DoCoMo Inc., uses the body's conductivity and adds the smarts of a personal digital assistant (PDA), the Nihon Keizai Shimbun said. A device attached to a PDA can send and receive weak electrical signals through people, with human bodies as communications circuits, the paper said, citing sources close to the companies. Apparel and handbags have their own conductivity, allowing an electrical connection to a PDA that can remain in one's pocket, the paper said. In this way, people can exchange addresses, names and phone numbers while shaking hands, with the data automatically written into both their PDAs, the paper said. The companies have confirmed in an experiment that data can be transmitted at 10 megabits per second, comparable to the speed of a broadband Internet connection, it said. The technology could allow data communications through door knobs, switches, desks and chairs, the paper said. It could pave the way to one day being able to pass through railway ticket gates or entering secure buildings with a simple touch. It could also get a computer to start up with the proper settings as soon as the user sat down, the paper said. Agence France-Presse See also “Microsoft patents body power”Microsoft patents body power

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Review: Networks

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Setting Up a Wireless Home Network

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Installing Home Wi-fi Requirements  High-speed Internet  Cable Modem or DSL Modem (provided be ISP)  Wireless Access Point/Router  Wireless adapters for each device.  Additional Access Points as needed. Cable Modem Wireless Access Point / Router To Cable Co.

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Cable Modem Wireless Access Point / Router To Cable Co. Dangers of Home Wi-fi Neighbors Hackers Cable Modem Wireless Access Point / Router To Cable Co.

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Dangers of Home Wi-fi Neighbors Hackers Passer byes  Cable Modem Wireless Access Point / Router To Cable Co.

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Dangers of Home Wi-fi War Driving Kit

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Securing Home Wi-fi Change the default SSID (network name). Change the default password needed to access a wireless device. Enable MAC address filtering. Disable the SSID broadcast option. Enable WEP or WPA encryption Install Firewall Software Cable Modem Wireless Access Point / Router To Cable Co.

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Review: Wi-fi

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Questions? Don’t forget to turn your phone back on!!