Understand the theories of Taylor and Maslow Apply the theories of Taylor and Maslow to business scenarios Evaluate the theories of Taylor and Maslow
Motivation is integral to the successful operation of a business There are a variety of theories regarding motivational theories A motivational theory is a perspective that a manager has of his staff
Was an American engineer and inventor who advocated the use of piece-rate payment systems Taylor’s principles of scientific management(1911) assumed that employees are motivated by money Motivation can be improved by setting output and efficiency targets related to pay
Duty of the manager to decide how each and every individual task should be completed Advocated repetitive tasks using the principle of division of labour and specialisation He had a pessimistic view of employees
Another element of Taylor's scientific management was differentiated piecework It was a payment system With this method a worker is paid according to a strata, a basic rate, and a rate if they exceeded expectations in terms of output
Very influential in the 1920’s Adopted by Henry Ford in car production McDonalds also adopt a scientific management approach
He was a psychologist He believed that people were motivated by more than just money He developed a theory known as the hierarchy of needs
Basic needs of an individual Food, housing, warmth and sleep How much money you earn determines how well you can meet this need
Refers to making people feel safe Job security Sick pay Maternity leave Pensions
Human need to be accepted as part of a friendship group or a family Opportunities for social interaction at work Team working at work Anti-discrimination legislation
Recognition and being able to have self respect Job titles at work can help achieve this need Continuous praise by management Training and development opportunities
Forces that drive a person to be the best they can be Businesses can do this by offering opportunities for personal development Must have freedom to develop in order to maximize talents
Levels of need are somewhat difficult to measure Maslow assumed everyone is motivated in line with his model, may not be the case What lays beyond self acculisation