The Periodic Table 6.5A Students will know that an element is a pure substance represented by chemical symbols.

The Basics The periodic table is a chart that is used to organize the elements. Elements are pure substances that cannot be broken down into smaller substances. Everything on Earth is made up of these 109 elements.

Arrangement of Elements Elements are listed in order of increasing atomic number. atomic number The atomic numbers get bigger on the chart from left to right going across in rows. Elements with properties in common are grouped together

Symbols On the periodic table, each element is listed with its element symbol and atomic number; many versions of the table also list the element's atomic masselement symbolatomic numberatomic mass Use the key like the one shown below.

Why use the Periodic Table? The main value of the periodic table is the ability to predict the chemical properties of an element based on its location on the table. Elements can be located quickly and are displayed in an easy to read format

Groups The elements on the periodic table are arranged so that elements with similar properties fall into the same vertical column. These vertical columns are called groups or families. Some groups have names such as the Noble gases shown here.

Periods A period is a horizontal row in the periodic table of the elementsperiod

Metals, Metalloids and Nonmetals Metals and Nonmetals are separated with a stair-step line Metalloids touch the line Metals are shiny, malleable (able to shape), and conductors of heat and electricity Nonmetals are dull, brittle, and non- conductors or insulators. Many are gases. Metalloids have characteristics of each. We will learn more about these groups in another lesson.

Metals, Metalloids, & Nonmetals

Notice that Aluminum (Al) touches the line but is a metal. Hydrogen (H) is on the other side and is a nonmetal.

On Your Copy of the Periodic Table… Draw arrows for : Periods Groups

Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals You know that Oxygen is a gas and IS NOT a metal. Find it and circle it. Above this section, write NONMETALS.

Nonmetals

Metalloids and Exceptions Now, trace the stair-step line and write in metalloids. Remember Aluminum and Hydrogen are exceptions. Mark them with a light X.

metalloids

Metals Find Gold (Au). You know that it is a metal. Circle it and write METALS in the section above it.

metalloids Metals

Now, you have all the information you need ready on your periodic table.