Solar Irradiance Observations with LYRA on PROBA2 I. E. Dammasch, M. Dominique, J.-F. Hochedez & the LYRA Team X th Hvar Astrophysical Colloquium Hvar, Croatia, 6-10 September 2010 LYRA the Large-Yield Radiometer onboard PROBA2

Royal Observatory of Belgium (Brussels, B) Principal Investigator, overall design, onboard software specification, science operations PMOD/WRC (Davos, CH) Lead Co-Investigator, overall design and manufacturing Centre Spatial de Liège (B) Lead institute, project management, filters IMOMEC (Hasselt, B) Diamond detectors Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (Lindau, D) calibration science Co-Is: BISA (Brussels, B), LPC2E (Orléans, F)… LYRA highlights

 4 spectral channels covering a wide emission temperature range  Redundancy (3 units) gathering three types of detectors  Rad-hard, solar-blind diamond UV sensors (PIN and MSM)  AXUV Si photodiodes  2 calibration LEDs per detector (λ = 465 nm and 390 nm)  High cadence (up to 100Hz)  Quasi-continuous acquisition during mission lifetime LyHzAlZr Unit1MSMPINMSMSi Unit2MSMPINMSM Unit3SiPINSi

SWAP and LYRA spectral intervals for solar flares, space weather, and aeronomy LYRA channel 1: the H I nm Lyman-alpha line LYRA channel 2: the nm Herzberg continuum range LYRA channel 3: the nm Aluminium filter range including the He II 30.4 nm line (+ X-ray) LYRA channel 4: the 6-20 nm Zirconium filter range where solar variablility is highest (+ X-ray) SWAP: the range around 17.4 nm including coronal lines like Fe IX and Fe X

LYRA pre-flight spectral responsivity (filter + detector, twelve combinations)

LYRA data products and manuals… …available at the PROBA2 Science Center:

Summary: FITS File Structure lyra_ _000000_lev1_***.fits where: *** = met, std, cal, rej, (bst, bca, bre) generally: header + binary extension table(s) extension = header + data (variable length) Lev1 met = HK, STATUS, VFC Lev1 std = uncalibr. irradiance (counts/ms) Lev2 std = calibr. irradiance (W/m²) Lev3 std = calibr. aver. irradiance (W/m²) per line: time, ch1, ch2, ch3, ch4, qual.

Product Definition Level 1 = full raw data (LY-EDG output) Level 2 = calibrated physical data (LY-BSDG output) Caution: preliminary status. Require versioning. Level 3 = processed products (e.g. averages) Level 4 = plots of products Level 5 = event lists (optionally with plots)

Further Data Products… …“Level 4”, “Level 5” (still preliminary):

LY-TMR: State of the data processing pipeline LY-EDG LY-BSDG Telemetry packets Raw data (in counts) Lv1: Engineering data (in Hz) fits Lv2: Calibrated data (in W/m²) Other tools Higher level data products Current stateIn the future Not distributed Daily basis After each contact Not available After each contact Plots + flare list available irregular systematic

First results (even before opening covers)

Aurora Oval  Perturbations appearing around 75° latitude  2-3 days after a CME, flare...  Associated to geomagnetic perturbations Spacecraft maneuvers SAA

First Light acquisition (06 Jan 2010)

Aeronomy  Occultations: Study atmospheric absorption; high temporal resolution needed  Input for atmospheric models: NRT and calibrated data needed

Flares LYRA observes flares down to B1.0 LYRA flare list agrees with GOES14 Flares are visible in the two short-wavelength channels Exceptionally strong and impulsive flares are also visible in the Lyman- alpha channel (precursor) Example: C4.0 flare, 06 Feb 2010, 07:04 UTC

M2.0 flare, 08 Feb 2010, 13:47 UTC

Comparison with GOES flare Example: M1.8 flare, 20 Jan 2010, 10:59 UTC

Comparison with GOES flare Example: C5.4 flare, 15 Aug 2010, 18:30 UTC

Sun-Moon eclipse …demonstrating the inhomogeneous distribution of EUV radiation across the solar surface

And we have a fifth channel at 17.4nm called SWAP!

SWAP and LYRA observing together _proba2_movie.mp4

Next steps Cross-calibration (internal/external) Produce calibrated data automatically Publish first results Advertise data products Get extension from ESA

How to be involved? Scientists are welcome to use PROBA2 data propose special observation campaigns Guest Investigator Program welcomes proposals for dedicated (joint) observations in the frame of a science project: Funds available for a stay at PROBA2 Science Center Scientist can take part in the commanding of the instruments Will gain expertise in the instrumental effects Next announcement (for ): May 2011 Proposal deadline and selection: June 2011 First visits: September 2011 onwards