Module 1 FMP Introduction and Overview

2 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Module 1 Overview Introduction to Fatigue Overview of Fatigue Management Program Module Summaries

3 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 List of Abbreviations and Acronyms CMVcommercial motor vehicle FMPFatigue Management Program FMTfatigue management technology HOShours-of-service OSAObstructive Sleep Apnea

4 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Module Objectives (1 of 2) Define Fatigue Management Program (FMP) Identify need for fatigue management in Commercial Motor Vehicle (CMV) operations Identify benefits of implementing the FMP Identify importance of the corporate change process, driver scheduling, fatigue management training, and sleep apnea screening and treatment Identify major elements of the FMP Identify what is in the implementation manual Identify major topics covered in each module

5 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Module Objectives (2 of 2) Identify how the FMP assesses your learning in each module Identify which modules are designed for drivers, carrier executives and managers, drivers’ families, trainers, shippers and receivers, and dispatchers

Lesson 1: Fatigue

7 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Introduction to Fatigue What is fatigue? Combination of symptoms 1.Decreased alertness 2.Decreased attention to the environment 3.Reduced performance 4.Reduced motivation 5.Irritability 6.Impaired judgment 7.Feelings of drowsiness

8 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Fatigue vs. Sleepiness Fatigue may also be physical and felt in the body – De-energized, sore, achy Sleepiness felt in mind – Heavy eyes, difficulty concentrating Physical fatigue is generally not the main problem, while sleepiness and mental fatigue are

9 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Characteristics of Fatigue (1 of 2) Acute (short-term) fatigue – May be experienced daily – Reduced or eliminated by a night’s sleep or nap – Caffeine or rest (without sleep) may temporarily perk up alertness – But obtaining sleep is important to alleviate acute fatigue Chronic (long-term) fatigue – Inadequate sleep, or sleep deprivation, over weeks/months – Personal, home life, or work- related stressors may contribute – Need a few nights of long, sound sleep or break from work – May be linked to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or other sleep disorders

10 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Characteristics of Fatigue (2 of 2) Loss of alertness, attention, and vigilance Reduced field-of-vision Wandering thoughts/boredom Loss of motivation Slow reactions, poor response Impaired judgment – Adversely affects safe driving practices Impaired memory Occasionally experience microsleeps Little effect on purely physical tasks

11 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 How Fatigue Affects Commercial Motor Vehicle Fleets Fatigue’s role in crashes – Principal cause in 31% fatal-to-the-driver large truck crashes (NTSB, 1990) – Asleep-at-the-wheel in 4% of heavy vehicle crashes (Knipling & Wang, 2004) – Associated factor in 13% of serious heavy vehicle crashes (FMCSA, 2006) Fatigue-related crashes may be result of: – Lack of sleep/sleep disorders – Extended driving hours – Switching day and night shifts without time to adjust – Work conditions

12 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Health and Wellness Issues (1 of 2) Disrupts circadian rhythm Increased blood pressure Increased risk of heart disease Gastrointestinal problems Increased calorie consumption Weight gain Type II diabetes Poor immune system function

13 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Health and Wellness Issues (2 of 2) More likely to smoke & use alcohol Irritability and depression Disrupts relationships Worsens psychiatric conditions Decreased quality of life Increased sick days

Lesson 2: FMP

15 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 FMP Overview No simple solution to mitigate driver fatigue A comprehensive approach to effectively manage fatigue – Corporate culture – Education and training – Sleep disorder screening and treatment – Scheduling and tools – Fatigue monitoring and management technologies Collaboration between drivers, families, management, dispatchers, and customers Applicable regardless of industry type and fleet size Benefits can be found if implemented appropriately

16 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Benefits of an FMP Safety – Reduced fatigue-related risks – Improved driver alertness – Reduced crashes and near crashes Health and well-being – Increased job and life satisfaction – Fewer health complications – Weight loss Financial – Reduced legal exposure – Lower healthcare and crash costs – Increased productivity through reduced absenteeism

17 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 FMP Format FMP information organized in a series of modules covering different fatigue topics Instruction options – Instructor-led PowerPoint presentation – Web-based non-interactive course – Web-based interactive course Quizzes to assess learning End of lesson tests

18 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Implementation Manual Step-by-step guide for implementing an FMP For carrier management, including: – President/CEO – Safety managers – Fleet managers – Logistics managers – Transportation managers Practical, easy-to-understand reference guide

19 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Overview of the Implementation Manual Definition and benefits of an FMP Role of safety culture Roles and responsibility in an FMP Performance measures and rewards in an FMP Risk management Guide to corporate culture change How to select trainers Step-by-step guide to implement a sleep disorders screening and treatment program

Lesson 3: Module Summaries

21 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Instructional Modules ModuleTitleTarget Audience Estimated Duration 1FMP Introduction and OverviewCarrier Executives and Managers45 minutes 2 Safety Culture and Management Practices Carrier Executives and Managers1.5 hours 3Driver EducationDrivers3 hours 4Driver Family EducationDrivers’ Spouses and Family45 minutes 5 Train-the-Trainer for Driver Education and Family Forum Trainers3.5 hours 6Shippers and Receivers 30 minutes 7 Motor Carrier Sleep Disorders Management Carrier Executives and Managers1.5 hours 8Driver Sleep Disorders ManagementDrivers1.25 hours 9Driver Scheduling and ToolsDispatchers and Managers *1 hour 10 Fatigue Monitoring and Management Technologies Carrier Executives and Managers1 hour

22 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Module 2: Safety Culture and Management Practices Understand how various safety culture components can be used to implement and maintain a successful FMP Introduction to safety culture Corporate responsibilities and roles in FMP implementation Strategies for engaging and empowering staff and generating commitment in the FMP Overview of organizational culture change Performance measures to gauge effectiveness of the FMP

23 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Module 3: Driver Education Introduction to fatigue/drowsiness Sleep, alertness, and wellness Introduction to sleep disorders Critical fatigue management knowledge, skills, and attitudes Hours-of-Service (HOS) and scheduling

24 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Module 4: Driver Family Education Driver health and wellness Teach drivers’ families critical driver fatigue management knowledge, skills, and attitudes relevant to home life Strategies for improving sleep and alertness Introduction to sleep disorders Improve home support for driver sleep hygiene

25 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Module 5: Train-the-Trainer for Driver Education and Family Forum Prepare carrier management/trainers to teach Modules 3 and 4 and facilitate web-based learning Introduction to the trainer’s role in the FMP Trainer activities and responsibilities FMP training structure and features Principles and strategies for effective instruction

26 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Module 6: Shipper and Receiver Education Teach driver fatigue knowledge, skills, and attitudes relevant to shipper/receiver actions Improve shipper/receiver support for driver rest and HOS compliance Industry guidelines and standards “Chain of Responsibility” concept Shipper and receiver best practices for reducing driver fatigue Drivers Carriers Fatigue Management Driver Families Shippers & Receivers

27 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Module 7: Motor Carrier Sleep Disorders Management Developing and implementing a sleep disorders management program Strategies for providing driver support and encouragement Introduction to sleep disorders, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) Prevention and treatment of OSA Corporate responsibility and roles in identifying, treating, and managing sleep disorders

28 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Module 8: Driver Sleep Disorders Management Inform drivers about sleep disorders, including OSA Introduction to sleep disorders Signs, symptoms and implications of OSA Screening and testing for sleep disorders Treatment options for OSA Complying with obstructive OSA treatment Working with managers for a successful FMP

29 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Module 9: Driver Scheduling and Tools Fatigue Management Regulators Scheduling and Management Drivers Teach best practices to develop and implement a practical, dynamic, and effective driver scheduling program Introduction to fatigue and its effects Scheduling factors that drive fatigue Limitations of current work/rest regulations Shared responsibility in minimizing fatigue in schedules Scheduling and tools Scheduling challenges/case studies

30 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Module 10: Fatigue Monitoring and Management Technologies Educate management on fatigue management technologies (FMT) and their successful selection and integration in a fleet FMP Introduction to FMTs Back-office level FMTs vs. driver-level FMTs Concepts of FMTs Current FMTs Deployment considerations Operational guidelines New technologies evaluation Vehicle Kinematics & Driver Input Driver Physiological Measures & Psychomotor Skills Back Office LevelDriver Level Non-driver measures Both Levels

31 NAFMP | North American Fatigue Management Program Copyright © 2012 Instructional Modules ModuleTitleTarget Audience Estimated Duration 1FMP Introduction and OverviewCarrier Executives and Managers45 minutes 2 Safety Culture and Management Practices Carrier Executives and Managers1.5 hours 3Driver EducationDrivers3 hours 4Driver Family EducationDrivers’ Spouses and Family45 minutes 5 Train-the-Trainer for Driver Education and Family Forum Carrier Safety Managers and other Trainers 3.5 hours 6Shippers and Receivers 30 minutes 7 Motor Carrier Sleep Disorders Management Carrier Executives and Managers1.5 hours 8Driver Sleep Disorders ManagementDrivers1.25 hours 9Driver Scheduling and ToolsDispatchers and Managers *1 hour 10 Fatigue Monitoring and Management Technologies Carrier Executives and Managers1 hour