Cell Cell- the smallest unit of life

Cell Theory 1. All living things are made of one or more cells 2. Cells are the basic structure and function in organisms. 3. All cells come from other cells.

Otherwise known as bacteria.

What’s killed more people than anything else, by far?

Prokaryotes

What’s killed more people than anything else, by far? Prokaryotes- small single celled simple organisms lacking a nucleus.

What’s killed more people than anything else, by far? Prokaryotes- small single celled simple organisms lacking a nucleus. The first life forms on earth.

What’s killed more people than anything else, by far? Prokaryotes- small single celled simple organisms lacking a nucleus. The first life forms on earth. Make up 2 of the 3 domains in biology.

Black Death Plague

Black Death Plague 1347 bubonic plague killed 42 million people.

Black Death Plague 1347 bubonic plague killed 42 million people. Yersinia pestis

Black Death Plague 1347 bubonic plague killed 42 million people. Yersinia pestis Bacteria carried by fleas.

Black Death Plague 1347 bubonic plague killed 42 million people. Yersinia pestis Bacteria carried by fleas. When the flea bites, it transmits the disease.

Black Death Plague 1347 bubonic plague killed 42 million people. Yersinia pestis Bacteria carried by fleas. When the flea bites, it transmits the disease. Rats carried the fleas to the people.

Black Death Plague 1347 bubonic plague killed 42 million people. Yersinia pestis Bacteria carried by fleas. When the flea bites, it transmits the disease. Rats carried the fleas to the people.

Recently around your hood Bacteria death toll climbs to 25

Recently around your hood Bacteria death toll climbs to 25 In Germany in June of this year

Recently around your hood Bacteria death toll climbs to 25 In Germany in June of this year E. coli is to blame

Recently around your hood Bacteria death toll climbs to 25 In Germany in June of this year E. coli is to blame From infected lettuce, tomatoes, cucumbers and sprouts.

Recently around your hood Bacteria death toll climbs to 25 In Germany in June of this year E. coli is to blame From infected lettuce, tomatoes, cucumbers and sprouts. Bacteria!

And back home… Listeria deaths rise to 29 in cantaloupe outbreak

And back home… Listeria deaths rise to 29 in cantaloupe outbreak Contaminated canatloupe?

And back home… Listeria deaths rise to 29 in cantaloupe outbreak Contaminated canatloupe? Listeria… another Bacteria!

And back home… Listeria deaths rise to 29 in cantaloupe outbreak Contaminated canatloupe? Listeria… another Bacteria!

Average Prokaryote

Prokaryote Shapes Three groups: 1) Cocci = spheres 2) bacilli = rod shaped 3) spirilla = spirals

Beneficial Prokaryotes 99% of all bacteria are helpful. Bacteria are used to make cheese, milk, sourdough bread and yogurt. Dead or weakened bacteria and viruses are used for making helpful vaccines. Scientists estimate that bacteria produce nearly half the oxygen found in the atmosphere.

Beneficial Prokaryotes Helpful bacteria are used to purify water at sewage treatment plants and to break down oil after oil spills. Bacteria help our bodies with digestion and produce needed vitamins. Bacteria also help us by destroying harmful organisms within our bodies. Base of food web in open oceans.

Prokaryotic Reproduction Most bacteria reproduce using a process called "binary fission." Binary Fission: a single bacterium grows to twice its normal size and then split into two "daughter" cells. The two new cells are exact copies of the original bacterium.

Fun facts about Prokaryotes One healthy bacterium, given the proper environment, could reproduce into a colony of more than 2 million in just seven hours. There are more microbes on your body than there are humans on the entire planet. An area of skin as small as 6.5 square cm (1 square inch) may be home to more than half a million microbes. There are more bacterial cells in your body than there are human cells.

Eukaryotes Cell with a nucleus

Eukaryotes Cell with a nucleus Larger and more complex than prokaryotes

Eukaryotes Cell with a nucleus Larger and more complex than prokaryotes Contain Organelles

Eukaryotes Cell with a nucleus Larger and more complex than prokaryotes Contain Organelles Have multiple chromosomes that are strands of DNA

Eukaryotes Cell with a nucleus Larger and more complex than prokaryotes Contain Organelles Have multiple chromosomes that are strands of DNA From 4 kingdoms: Plants, Animals, Protists and Fungi.

Animal Cell Nucleus Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Rough endoplasmic reticulum Ribosomes Golgi apparatus Plasma membrane Mitochondrion Flagellum Not in most plant cells Lysosome Centriole Microtubule Cytoskeleton Intermediate filament Microfilament Peroxisome

Plant Cells vs Animal Cells OrganellesPlant cellsAnimal cells CentriolesNot presentHave centrioles that aid in cell division FlagellaVERY rarely- some species pollen has them. More common, but still most animal cells don’t have them LysomesNot presentPresent, help break down food and malfunctioning parts of the cell. ChloroplastsPhotosynthetic organelles Not present VacuolesStorage organellesNot present Cell wallsGive cell shape and structural support Not present

Plant cell Central vacuole Not in animal cells Chloroplast Cell wall Golgi apparatus Nucleus Microtubule Cytoskeleton Intermediate filament Microfilament Ribosomes Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Mitochondrion Peroxisome Plasma membrane Rough endoplasmic reticulum