NAME (5) GREAT INVENTIONS / TECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPED BY THE MESOPOTAMIANS Find the 15N, 121E P.R11

PICK UP VIEWING GUIDE (UNDER TUT) FIND THE 66N, 21W (Doc. “B”; P. R9) PICK UP Mr. BURSTEIN-- OPEN HIM TO P. 54 FOCUS: LOOK FOR EVIDENCE THAT MESOPOTAMIA WAS A DEVELOPING CIVILIZATION.

CIVILIZATION OF MESOPOTAMIA LIST TWO (2) POSITIVE ASPECTS OF MESOPOTAMIA’S LOCATION LIST TWO (2) NEGITIVE ASPECTS OF MESOPOTAMIA’S LOCATION 35ºN 40ºN 20oN 20ºE 40ºE 55ºE

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DEFINE: DOMESTICATION of ANIMALS: > ANIMALS ADAPTED TO LIVING WITH MAN >SERVE A PURPOSE, IE F O O D!!! YUMMMMMMMM THE ANCIENT SUMERIAN BURGER—”FOOD OF THE GODS”

GEOGRAPHY

Geography THE LAND BETWEEN 2 RIVERS PART OF THE FERTILE CRESCENT WHAT MAKES THE LAND FERTILE? –“–“FLOOD MUD”; FROM THOSE SNOWY MOUNTAINS –T–TIGRIS RIVER –E–EUPHRATES RIVER

HOW DID MAN LEARN TO FARM? TRIAL & ERROR OBSERVATION WHAT WERE THE FIRST CROPS? WHEAT & BARLEY FIRST SETTLERS; c. 8,000 BC FARMING STARTS; c. 7,OOO BC

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HIGH TECH AGRICULTURE LEVEE- EARTH WALL, HOLDS BACK WATER IRRIGATION- CANALS THAT BRING WATER TO THE FIELDS SUMARIAN PLOW

6,000 BC Sumerian big wheel 2,000 AD

TIME

THE CIRCLE 360º 1º= 60 MINUTES 1-MIN= 60 SECONDS THE COMPASS ROSE

TIME 1 st CALENDAR –1–12 MONTHS –3–30 DAYS PER MONTH –W–WHEN THE PASSAGE OF YEARS MADE THE CALENDAR INACCURATE, THEY ADDED A 13 th MONTH TO GET BACK IN LINE WITH THE SEASONS

OUR CLOCK CAME FROM THESE IDEAS

ADVANCED SUMERIAN LEARNING ASTRONOMY ASTROLOGY STUDY OF HEAVENLY BODIES AN ATTEMPT TO USE THE POSITION OF THE STARS TO PREDICT HUMAN EVENTS CONSTELLATIONS >GROUPS OF STARS >HAVE A SPECIAL NAME

HOROSCOPES PREDICTIONS FOR THE FUTURE The Zodiac ("Circle of Animals") is the name given to the band of the ecliptic encircling the earth. It is like a belt in space, about 15 degrees wide, across which the planets move and form their geometrical relationships. The Zodiac forms the stellar backdrop for the apparent path of the Sun, called the plane of the ecliptic. Astrologers divide the circle of the ecliptic into twelve parts, each subdivided into 30 degrees, making 360 degrees in all. The twelve divisions are called the Signs of the Zodiac. These signs are related (but not exactly identical) to the constellations (star groups) of the same name planetsSunSigns of the Zodiac A

the ZODIAC The Zodiac is made up of 12 different sun signs. Your date of birth determines which one you are. Click your sign below for complete detailed information on your sign: Aries - March 21 - April 20 Taurus - April 21 - May 21 Gemini - May 22 - June 21 Cancer - June 22 - July 22 Leo - July 23 -August 21 Virgo - August 22 - September 23 Libra - September 24 - October 23 Scorpio - October 24 - November 22 Sagittarius - November 23 - December 22 Capricorn - December 23 - January 20 Aquarius - January 21 - February 19 Pisces - February 20- March 20 PREDICTION- EVEN YOU WILL GET A DATE SOME DAY!!!!

WRITTEN LANGUAGE

WRITING SCRIBE DUDE(ETTE) WHO CAN WRITE STYLUS THE EARLY BIC PEN! USED TO MAKE WEDGE SHAPES CUNEIFORM “stylus ized” crazy wedge shaped writing of the Sumerians –STARTED AS PICTOGRAPHS

What were the first and final steps in the development of writing? Why do you think, only scribes could write?

Oldest written language Started as pictographs Scribes and their tools Changed to wedge- shaped symbols (cuneiform)

2000 AD 2,000 bce

Working with Cuneiform Task: Using the chart that is infront of you and the Cuneiform inscription handout, translate and follow what is written on the handout

Making a Clay Cuneiform Tablet Task: Using the chart that is in front of you and any tools that are located in this room, you are to write your NAME in cuneiform on the clay tablet. MAKE SURE YOU PAY ATTENTION TO DETAILS AND WRITE NEATLY!!!!!

Helped explain things Passed down orally Later recorded onto clay tablets

THE CITY STATE

ziggurat SUMARIAN TEMPLE BUILDING MATERIAL? MUD BRICKS What in the world?

SOCIAL HIERARCHY

SOCIAL CLASSES SOCIAL CLASSES NOBLES (2 story homes, close to ziggurat) –KING –PRIESTS –GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS MERCHANTS / ARTISENS (1 story homes ) –Specialized jobs PEASANTS –FARMERS / LABORERS SLAVES (captured or in debt)

GET YOUR Prayer statues Leave in ziggurat—” the Y pray while you play!” Made IN YOUR LIKENESS SORRY: ONLY PRIESTS MAY ENTER THE TEMPLE A

PRIESTS THEN SHARE WITH THE PEOPLE GOD of FOOD McDEEZ

WHAT HAPPENS IF FLOOD WATER HITS THE TEMPLE’S MUD BRICKS? ARE YOU READY? ARE YOU SURE?

DIAGRAM DESIGNED BY: –ZIG E. RAUT