Auditory Processing Physical DimensionPerceptual Dimension AmplitudeLoudness FrequencyPitch ComplexityTimbre.

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Presentation transcript:

Auditory Processing

Physical DimensionPerceptual Dimension AmplitudeLoudness FrequencyPitch ComplexityTimbre

05-34 W. W. Norton

05-33 W. W. Norton

05-36 W. W. Norton

05-37 W. W. Norton

Mapping the Auditory System in Rhesus Monkeys University of Iowa Neuroscience Program The University of Iowa Department of Psychology Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience

Visual Processing Streams 25 “WHAT” “WHERE”

24

Auditory cortex Unfolded view of supratemporal plane and adjoining STG. Belt Parabelt Core Kaas and Hackett, PNAS 2000

Auditory Projection System Lower Brainstem Lower Brainstem IC MGB IC Early Auditory Areas MGB Early Auditory Areas

Auditory Projection System Lower Brainstem Lower Brainstem IC MGB IC Early Auditory Areas MGB Early Auditory Areas Corpus Callosum, Anterior & Posterior Commissures Tectal Commissures

Lower Brainstem Lower Brainstem MGB Early Auditory Areas MGB Early Auditory Areas Forebrain Comm. Tectal Comm. IC Intact side 'Deaf' side

Methods Speakers  2-DG injected intravenously  Monkey listens passively for 45 min  Wide variety of acoustic stimuli  Brain prepared for autoradiography  LCGU measured in ROIs throughout brain  ROIs compared for hemispheric asymmetries  Three surgically prepared monkeys

Auditory Stimuli Passive Listening BIRDS (10%) ENVIRONMENTAL (18%) HUMAN (9%) MONKEYS (31%) MUSIC (12%) OTHER ANIMALS (8%) TONES, SWEEPS, NOISE (12%) 29

2 DG in Intact (left) and Deafferented (right) Hemisphere Early auditory areas MGB IC

A15 “Hearing”“Deaf” 30

31 Poremba et al., Science, 2003

Columns of 2DG activation in rSTG Hearing Side of Deafferented Monkey Completely Intact Monkey 32 Poremba et al., Science, 2003

Metabolic Mapping of Visual Cortex

Metabolic Mapping of Auditory Cortex

Overlap of Auditory and Visual Maps

Similar Auditory and Visual Processing Streams 57 “What” “Where”

35

Left HemisphereRight Hemisphere Superior Temporal Gyrus (STG) (n=7 monkeys) % of Whole Brain Activity Monkey Vocalizations Complex Sounds and Vocalizations Complex Sounds No Vocalizations Ambient Background Sound Human Vocalizations

High Low

High Low

Monkey Vocalizations p<0.001 * Complex Sounds and Vocalizations p<0.01 * FDG Activity in the Dorsal Temporal Pole Ambient Background Noise % of Whole Brain Activity Left HemisphereRight Hemisphere

Monkey Vocalizations p<0.001 * Complex Sounds and Vocalizations p<0.01 * FDG Activity in the Dorsal Temporal Pole Ambient Background Noise Left HemisphereRight Hemisphere Complex Sounds No Vocalizations % of Whole Brain Activity

Ambient Background Sound Monkey Vocalizations % of Whole Brain Activity p < * Monkey Vocalizations Split Brain Monkeys Left HemisphereRight Hemisphere Dorsal Temporal Pole (n=8 intact monkeys, n=3 split brain monkeys) 44Poremba et al., Nature, 2004

Similar Auditory and Visual Processing Streams 57 “What” “Where”

Parabelt projections to prefrontal cortex Romanski et al., Nature Neuroscience, 1999