The Personal Mobile Library Team: Younes Hajji Magnus Hørven Anne Merete Driveklepp Kien Trung Nguyen Dariusz Mateusz Zasada Isaiah O. Omolo Henry Ssekyewa

Justification Students find it irritating to not have overview over annotated articles and having to search manually for them.

Objectives Enhance learning for students ◦ Simple organizing and accessability for annotated articles

Project Idea Annotate application with unique way to organize and search through your articles Search results with generated mind thoughts (cloud) user interface Inspired by ◦ iAnnotate ◦ iThoughts We think our application will make it a lot easier for students to find the exact articles they want to read.

iAnnotate app

The Mind Map app

iThoughts app

Implementation/ Methodology Interviews Observations Survey Prototyping Iterating

Mobility in Collaboration Researchers:Paul Luff Christian Heath CSCW/ACM,1998

Objective Examine the ways in which mobility of personnel and artefacts is critical to collaboration and communication – considering how individuals rely upon their own mobility and that of particular artefacts to support collaboration as well as the resources that might enhance their current tasks and responsibilities.

Justification Tools for remote collaboration are static Current technologies are rigid Systems for co- present collaboration are located on inflexible workstations Mobility features in collaborative work largely overlooked

Background Evolution of organization and effect of technology - Understanding how new communication technologies support organizational transformation and re- engineering of business processes to dynamic fragmented networks Effect of physical configuration of technology on activity and collaboration

Methodology The researchers use three case studies to understand the collaborative environment to which conventional systems are subjected. Namely 1. Medical consultation- focus on ecological mobility of traditional paper in professional medical practices 2. Construction site – technological limitation in support of collaboration 3. London Underground- focus on multimedia support for mobile collaboration

Case 1: Medical Consultation A case of ’micro- mobility’- defined as a way in which an artefact can be mobilised and manipulated for various purposes around a relatively circumscribed domain. Paper record supports synchronous and asynchronous collaborations between clients(doctors, patients, & other professionals) Critical features of paper in interaction; Portability, ecological flexibility, handlable, dismantlable, manipulable, reassembled and reordered Limitation of ’desktop metaphor’: Inability to imitate how traditional artefacts and tools reconfigure on desk with regard to on going interaction with others.

Case 2: Construction site A case of remote mobility. Mobile system developed to support foremen- designed to replicate the action of allocation sheets used on site. Allocation sheets are resource for synchronous and remote communication (record activities undertaken, time spent, and problems identified and managed) Effect: Technology hindered mobile collaboration- the mobile system made the user less mobile, less able to monitor the ongoing work and less available to engage in activities. (system remained in a fixed location and used to document data and thus did not offer interactional support of paper allocation sheet)

Case 2: Construction site... contd Technology challenges: Misunderstanding by the proponents of the system concerning the nature of interaction around the objects and artefacts, the sketches, notes and work schedules utilised between foremen and gangers. Size, shape and low intensity lighting of screen made it problematic for items displayed on it to become topics of discussion. Failure to account how documents form basis for real- time collaboration and communication

Case 3: London Underground A case of remote and local mobility. Problem: Centralization of bulk of information and communication resources – resource isolation Characteristics of interaction Access to real-time information and general data Collaboration with others in their immediate vicinity Visual access to areas Audio communication with station staff

Case 3: London Underground…ctd Features of Mobile system Graphic information, textual information, Audio, Portable, size, real-time communication Potential tech. for supporting London Underground High bandwidth wireless communication system to extend station capabilities while supporting graphic and textual interface, access to system controls and commuication system.

Conclusion Use of objects in interaction are interweaved within interaction and activities of others. Individual orientations towards objects are continually shifting and being transfromed with repsect to ongoing interactions and activities of participants – that is personnel inconventional environment rely upon their own mobility and that of artefacts to accomplish their work.

Relevance to The Online Library Mobile systems need to support a range of different types cooperation and collaboration – heterogenous combination of technologies Critical consideration of tasks and responsibilities of individuals as well as how access to information requires and engenders cooperation and collaboration ??