Group Questions 1.Thinking about the origin of religion, what do you make of the Evolutionary Model of the development of religions? How does it square up with what the Bible teaches? What alternatives would you suggest? 2.Take the World Religions Quiz
Statistics World Population –> 7 billion Professing Christians –> 2.1 billion Religious Non-Christians –>3.7 billion
Evolutionary Model
Religion A system of beliefs and practices that, by means of its cultus, directs a person toward transcendence and, thus, provides meaning and coherence to a person’s life.
Cultus External features, no matter how small, which have meaning only for the sake of the religious belief and would be unnecessary in other contexts.
Stages in Evolution of Religion 1. Mana 2.Animism 3.Polytheism 4.Henotheism 5.Monotheism
Mana Most “primitive” form of religion Very little complexity General awareness of a Spiritual Force in world The Force is not personal
Animism Visualizes spiritual forces in terms of Personal Spirits Many forces, pictured as personal beings with distinct identities and names Often organized into: Nature & Ancestor Spirits
Polytheism Not just many “spirits”, but many “gods” These “gods” are vastly superior to “spirits” Pantheon = sum total of gods + goddesses within a particular religion
Henotheism Recognize many different gods as real, but worship only one. Visible in “other nations” in the OT
Monotheism Highest step of development (potentially) Only one God, who is: The creator of the world Vastly superior to any creature Author of moral directives for people Alone worthy to be worshipped.
Original Monotheism Locates the origin of religion in God, not man.
Original Monotheism
Folk Religion The lived, everyday practices of religion by common laypersons. (May be very different from the “official” definitions of the religion by professionals)