Chapter 1: Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table Section 1.1: Atoms are the smallest form of elements

All matter is made of atoms Are all substances we touch the same? Example: A book is made of a different _________ then air. First it was thought everything was made of: Air, ______, fire, and earth Today chemists know about ____ basic substances, or _________, account for everything we see or touch. Element is related to the word “elementary” which means “______”

Types of Atoms in Earth’s Crust and Living Things

Types of Atoms in Earth’s Crust and Living Things

Names and Symbols of Elements Where do these names come from? People, ______, and Greek words Symbols First Letter of Its Name Hydrogen ___ Sulfur ___ Carbon ___ First Letter Plus One More Letter Aluminum ____ Platinum ____ Zinc ____

Names and Symbols of Elements (cont.) Some symbol names are less obvious. Symbols from Latin Name Gold ____ Lead ____ Iron ____ Copper ____

Each Element is Made of Different Atoms Dalton was the first to propose that each ________ is made of tiny particles called ______. Atoms are made of even smaller particles ________

The Atomic Model ___________ _______________ __________ ________

The Structure of an Atom Proton A __________ charged particle located in an atom’s nucleus. Neutron A particle that has __________ charge and is located in an atom’s nucleus. Nucleus The central region of an atom where most of the atom’s mass is found in ________________. **THE ___________ HAS AN OVERALL POSITIVE CHARGE**

The Structure of an Atom Electron A ___________ charged particle located outside an atom’s nucleus. An electron is about ______ times smaller than either a proton or neutron. **The ______________ has a negative charge**  Neutral atoms have no electrical charge because they have the ______ number of _______ as _________.

Atomic Number The number of _______ in the nucleus of an atom. This determines the ______ of an atom. Ex. Every hydrogen atom has an _______________ of 1, it has exactly one proton in its nucleus.

Atomic Mass Number The total number of _______ and ________ in an atom’s nucleus. Atoms of a certain element always have the same number of ______, but may not always have the same number of ________. So, not all atoms of an ________ have the same atomic mass number. What are these atoms called????

Isotopes Atoms of the same element that have a _________ number of ________. Ex. All chlorine atoms have 17 protons. However, some chlorine atoms have 18 neutrons, while other chlorine atoms have 20 neutrons. Some elements have many ________, while others just have a ____.

Atoms Form Ions An ____ is formed when an atom ______ or ______ one or more ________. The number of ________ in an ion is _________ from the number of ________. An ion ____ have an overall electric charge.

Formation of a Positive Ion A ______ ion is formed when an atom ______ an electron. A positive ion is ______ than the atom that formed it because it has ______ electrons. Positive ions are represented by the symbol for the element with a raised ____ sign to indicate a positive _______. Ex.

Formation of a Negative Ion A _______ ion is formed when an atom ______ an electron. A negative ion is ______ than the atom that formed it because it has _____ electrons. Negative ions are represented by the symbol for the element with a raised _____ sign to indicate a ________ charge. Ex.