A New Kind of Conflict The “Great War” (Turn to pg. 685) Take out Graphic Organizer on this topic!
After the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand: Serbia VS. Austria-Hungary Russia Germany France *** Italy & Britain remained uncommitted.
The Schlieffen Plan (pg. 683) Britain had to decide whether or not to support its Triple Entente ally France. Germany made the decision for them! The Schlieffen Plan was designed to avoid a two- front war against France in the west and Russia in the east. Under this plan, Germany first had to defeat France quickly and then it would fight Russia.
Schlieffen Plan: required German armies to march through Belgium to get to France. On August 3, Germany INVADED a neutral Belgium. Britain and other Europeans had signed a treat guaranteeing Belgian neutrality, so Britain declared war on Germany. Italy chose to remain neutral for the time being.
The Western Front
Germans soon violated the Schlieffen Plan; Russia mobilized more quickly than Germany had expected. As Russia won a few small victories in the east, Germany had to shift some troops there which weakened their forces in the west. The British joined French troops and pushed back the German offensive which destroyed Germany’s hopes for a quick victory on the Western Front.
A Multi-Front War
Trench Fortification. A long, narrow excavation in the ground to serve as a shelter from enemy fire or attack. Roasted under the broiling sun or froze thorough the long winters. Living there soldiers shared food with rats and their beds with lice.
Trench Warfare
“No Man’s Land”
The only remedy for trench foot was for the soldiers to dry their feet and change their socks several times a day. By the end of 1915 British soldiers in the trenches had to have three pairs of socks with them and were under orders to change their socks at least twice a day.
Recruitment Posters
Mobilization
New Technology from World War One (pg. 688)
French Renault Tank
British Tank at Ypres
Flame Throwers Grenade Launchers
Poison Gas Machine Gun
The Zeppelin: gas-filled balloon
The Airplane “Squadron Over the Brenta” Max Edler von Poosch, 1917
The Flying Aces of World War I Eddie Rickenbacher, US Francesco Barraco, It. Rene Pauk Fonck, Fr. Manfred von Richtoffen, Ger. [The “Red Baron”] Willy Coppens de Holthust, Belg. Eddie “Mick” Mannoch, Br.
U-Boats
“One out of every four men who went out to the World War did not come back again..and of those who came back, many are maimed and blind and some are mad.” – pg. 685 War is HELL!!!
Sacrifices in War
Wartime Propaganda - spreading of ideas to promote a cause or to damage an opposing cause.
Australian Poster
American Poster
Financing the War Hun = German
German Poster Think of Your Children!
The U.S. went to war in 1917 because… 1. Unrestricted submarine warfare that Germans engaged in. Attack on the Lusitania. 2. Cultural sympathy for England and France (common language, democracies). 3. Zimmerman Telegram – coded message from Germany to Mexico asking for help in the war in exchange for lost territory in New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona.
The Sinking of the Lusitania
The Zimmerman Telegram
The Yanks Are Coming! The Yanks Are Coming!