Atoms and the Periodic Table Kim Lachler 12/29/12

ATOM C:\Users\HP Customer\Desktop\The_Smallest_Piec e_of_Matter__The_Atom.asf C:\Users\HP Customer\Desktop\The_Smallest_Piec e_of_Matter__The_Atom.asf Atom is the smallest part of anything that can not be broken down any further and remain the same thing.

Atoms made up of Nucleus – the center of an atom – Neutron – has no charge – Protons – are positively charged Electrons – are negatively charged

Atoms made up of Bohr’s model – Has the electrons in orbits/shells 1 st orbit holds 2 electrons 2 nd orbit holds 8 electrons 3 rd orbit holds 18 electrons Cloud – The electrons travel around more like bouncing around in a cloud.

ATOMIC NUMBER There are the same number of protons and electrons in an atom. The number of protons is known as the atomic number.

ATOMIC MASS and Isotopes Atomic_Number__Mass_Number__Isotopes.asf Atomic mass is the number of protons + number of neutrons. Isotopes is when the atomic mass is different form atom to atom of the same element because the number of neutrons are different.

PERIODIC TABLE First it is important to understand what makes each element unique. – Atomic_Structure__How_Elements_Differ_from_ Each_Other.asf Atomic_Structure__How_Elements_Differ_from_ Each_Other.asf What makes each element unique? – The number of Protons.

PERIODIC TABLE The elements are arranged on the periodic table by the number of protons and then grouped by other properties, such as: – Number of electrons in the outer shell – Type of medals – And so forth.

PERIODIC TABLE Each square on the periodic table tells you the: – Element name – Element symbol – The atomic number – The atomic mass (which is the average of all it’s masses)

Ions The electrons of an atom move around a lot. They like to have their outer shell filled. They will share electrons with other atoms to accomplish this. When an atom gains or losses and electron through this process it is called an ion.

Ions Cation - When an atom losses electrons it is positively charged (has more protons then electrons) Anion – When an atom gains electrons it is negatively charged (has more electrons then protons)

Molecule When atoms bond; share electrons.

Bibliography Discovery Education, discoveryeducation.com, accessed 12/29/12 Google images, 12/29/ /29/12 Chemistry, accessed 12/29/12http:// Basic electron engineering I, Structure-of-the-Atom.htm, accessed 12/29/12http:// Structure-of-the-Atom.htm Jefferson Lab, isotope, Accessed 12/29/12http://education.jlab.org/glossary/isotope.html PLOS.org, periodic craziness, accessed 12/29/12http://blogs.plos.org/speakeasyscience/2011/12/04/periodic-craziness/ Wyzant, intro to elements and compounds, accessed 12/29/12