Judicial Branch Article 3 of the Constitution Article 3 of the Constitution Unit 5 Vocabulary

Dual Court System Federal Courts State Courts The United States court system based on Federalism. The two court systems are: 1. Federal 2. State Dual Court System

The 4 levels of the VA state court system VA Supreme Court Court of AppealsCircuit CourtDistrict Court SACD

U.S. Supreme Court U.S. Court of Appeals U.S. District Court SAD The organization of the federal courts S upreme Court Appeals Court District Court

The power of the Supreme Court to strike down a law as unconstitutional. The power of the Supreme Court to strike down a law as unconstitutional. Established in the case of Marbury v. Madison Established in the case of Marbury v. Madison

The authority of a court to hear a particular type of case The authority of a court to hear a particular type of case The geographic area in which a court has authority to hear cases. The geographic area in which a court has authority to hear cases. Jurisdiction

A court’s authority to be the “first point of entry” into the court system for a particular kind of legal case.

The authority of a court to hear an appeal of a case from a lower court. The authority of a court to hear an appeal of a case from a lower court.

To ask a higher court to review a case already heard in a lower court.

Established the principal of judicial review Established the principal of judicial review

Supreme Court Hears appeals from state courts and lower federal courts

Court of Appeals Hears appeals and reviews Decisions made in the U.S. District Court

District Courts Hears cases involving: People from different states Disputes between states themselves The Constitution and Constitutional rights Violations of federal laws

Justices Judges that serve at the U.S. Supreme Court or the Virginia Supreme Court.

The constitutional requirement that the government must follow fair rules in a fair manner Due process is guaranteed by the 5 th and 14 th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution. Due Process

This amendment to the U.S. Constitution says the national government cannot deny any citizen due process of law. Fifth Amendment

justice Fairness or proper treatment under the law Fairness or proper treatment under the law

Week 2 Vocabulary

A serious crime such as murder, kidnapping or armed robbery Felony

misdemeanor A less serious crime or violation of law that carries a maximum sentence of no more than one year injail

Civil Law A legal case in which one party sues Another party in a disagreement, and Asks the court to settle the disagreement

Criminal Law A case in which the government accuses an individual of breaking the law

In a civil case, money being sought by a person or group to compensate them for a wrong or injury done to them by another person or group. Damages

In a trial, the person accused of a crime or the person being sued

In a civil case: the person or group bringing the case to court In a civil case: the person or group bringing the case to court In a criminal case: the plaintiff is the government bringing charges against the accused criminal In a criminal case: the plaintiff is the government bringing charges against the accused criminal

The level of evidence needed to make an arrest or get a search warrant. The evidence must be more than just suspicion, but does not have to be absolute proof that the person committed the crime. Probable Cause