Chapter 1 Section 3

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements OBJECTIVES Be able to define: group, family, period, metal, nonmetal, and metalloid. Be able to identify and properly spell the name of an element when given its symbol and be able to write the symbol of an element, using problem conventions (first letter capitalized/second lowercase), when given the name of that element Be able to describe the arrangement of the Periodic Table Be able to distinguish the properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Remember: Elements are _______ _____________ that cannot be decomposed by chemical changes. Elements serve as the building blocks of _________ and each has characteristic properties. There are over ______ known elements that are organized into groups based on similar ______________ properties. The organization of these elements is called the _____________ ____________.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Remember: Elements are PURE Substances that cannot be decomposed by chemical changes. Elements serve as the building blocks of matter and each has characteristic properties. There are over ______ known elements that are organized into groups based on similar ______________ properties. The organization of these elements is called the _____________ ____________.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Remember: Elements are PURE Substances that cannot be decomposed by chemical changes. Elements serve as the building blocks of matter and each has characteristic properties. There are over 100 known elements that are organized into groups based on similar chemical properties. The organization of these elements is called the periodic table.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements PERIODIC TABLE

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements I. Introduction to the Periodic Table: Each square on the periodic table shows the ________ and the ________ ___________ for each element. Each element has been assigned a symbol based on its name. Symbols may reflect older ________ of elements or languages other than English. Ex. Mercury (Hg) – hydrargyrum & Potassium (K) – kalium

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements I. Introduction to the Periodic Table: Each square on the periodic table shows the symbol and the atomic number for each element. Each element has been assigned a symbol based on its name. Symbols may reflect older names of elements or languages other than English. Ex. Mercury (Hg) – hydrargyrum & Potassium (K) – kalium

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements I. Introduction to the Periodic Table Generally, the first letter of the name of the element is used as its symbol and it is ALWAYS _______________. Ex. Hydrogen (H), Carbon (C), & Vanadium (V) If elements begin with the same first letter, a second letter is used which is sounded in the name. The second letter is ALWAYS ___________. Ex. Carbon (C), Calcium (Ca), Chromium (Cr)

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements I. Introduction to the Periodic Table Generally, the first letter of the name of the element is used as its symbol and it is ALWAYS capitalized. Ex. Hydrogen (H), Carbon (C), & Vanadium (V) If elements begin with the same first letter, a second letter is used which is sounded in the name. The second letter is ALWAYS lowercase. Ex. Carbon (C), Calcium (Ca), Chromium (Cr)

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Introduction to the Periodic Table The ________ columns of the periodic table are called ________ or __________. Each group contains elements with similar ___________ properties. The two major categories of elements are ________ and _____________. ____________ have properties intermediate between metals and nonmetals.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Introduction to the Periodic Table The vertical columns of the periodic table are called groups or families. Each group contains elements with similar __________ properties. The two major categories of elements are ________ and ____________. ____________ have properties intermediate between metals and nonmetals.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Introduction to the Periodic Table The vertical columns of the periodic table are called groups or families. Each group contains elements with similar chemical properties. The two major categories of elements are ________ and ____________. have properties intermediate between metals and nonmetals.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Introduction to the Periodic Table The vertical columns of the periodic table are called groups or families. Each group contains elements with similar chemical properties. The two major categories of elements are metals and nonmetals. Metalloids have properties intermediate between metals and nonmetals.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements I. Introduction to the Periodic Table The horizontal ______ of elements in the periodic table are called _________. Physical and chemical properties _________ somewhat regularly across a period.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements I. Introduction to the Periodic Table The horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table are called periods. Physical and chemical properties _________ somewhat regularly across a period.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements I. Introduction to the Periodic Table The horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table are called periods. Physical and chemical properties change somewhat regularly across a period.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements I. Introduction to the Periodic Table The two sets of elements places below the periodic table make up the _______________ series and _____________ series. These ____________ elements fit into the table after elements _____ and _____. They are placed below the table to keep it from being ______ _______.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements I. Introduction to the Periodic Table The two sets of elements places below the periodic table make up the lanthanide series and actinide series. These ____________ elements fit into the table after elements _____ and _____. They are placed below the table to keep it from being ______ _______.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements I. Introduction to the Periodic Table The two sets of elements places below the periodic table make up the lanthanide series and actinide series. These metallic elements fit into the table after elements 57 and 89. They are placed below the table to keep it from being too wide.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Metals: A metal is an element that is a good ___________ ____________ and a good _______ conductor.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Metals: A metal is an element that is a good electrical conductor and a good heat conductor.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Properties of metals Most are ________ at room temperature ____________ - they can be hammered or rolled into thin sheets Ductile - they can be drawn into a ______ _______. Conduct electricity and heat well

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Properties of metals Most are solid at room temperature Malleable - they can be hammered or rolled into thin sheets Ductile - they can be drawn into a fine wire. Conduct electricity and heat well

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Copper: A Typical Metal Copper is a ___________ color and has a __________ luster. It is found naturally in minerals such as Chalcopyrite & Malachite

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Copper: A Typical Metal Copper is a reddish color and has a metallic luster. It is found naturally in minerals such as Chalcopyrite & Malachite

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Nonmetals: A nonmetal is an element that is a ______ conductor of heat and electricity. (a) carbon, (b) sulfur, (c) phosphorus, and (d) iodine

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Nonmetals: A nonmetal is an element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity. (a) carbon, (b) sulfur, (c) phosphorus, and (d) iodine

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Properties of nonmetals Many are _________ Solids are ___________ Poor conductors of heat and electricity

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Properties of nonmetals Many are gases. Solids are brittle. Poor conductors of heat and electricity

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Phosphorus: A Typical Nonmetal 1 of ___ solid nonmetals. It is known in two common forms: ______ phosphorus – dark red powder & _________ phosphorus – waxy solid that ignites at room temperature. Phosphorus is too reactive to exist in pure form in nature. All living things contain phosphorus.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Phosphorus: A Typical Nonmetal 1 of 5 solid nonmetals. It is known in two common forms: red phosphorus – dark red powder & white phosphorus – waxy solid that ignites at room temperature. Phosphorus is too reactive to exist in pure form in nature. All living things contain phosphorus.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Metalloids: A metalloid is an element that has some characteristics of _________ and some characteristics of _____________. Metalloids are found ____________ the metals and nonmetals on the periodic table.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Metalloids: A metalloid is an element that has some characteristics of Metals and some characteristics of Nonmetals. Metalloids are found ____________ the metals and nonmetals on the periodic table.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Metalloids: A metalloid is an element that has some characteristics of Metals and some characteristics of Nonmetals. Metalloids are found between the metals and nonmetals on the periodic table.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Properties of metalloids All metalloids are __________ at room temperature Less ______________ than metals, but not as _________ as nonmetals _________________________ of electricity Ex. used in circuitry found in desktop computers, digital watches, TVs and radios.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Properties of metalloids All metalloids are solid at room temperature Less malleable than metals, but not as brittle as nonmetals. _________________________ of electricity Ex. used in circuitry found in desktop computers, digital watches, TVs and radios.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Properties of metalloids All metalloids are solid at room temperature Less malleable than metals, but not as brittle Semiconductors of electricity Ex. used in circuitry found in desktop computers, digital watches, TVs and radios.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Noble Gases Noble gases are the elements in Group ___ of the periodic table. They are generally _____________ and are gases at _______ temperature.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Noble Gases Noble gases are the elements in Group 18 of the periodic table. They are generally unreactive and are gases at room temperature.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Noble Gases Neon, argon, krypton and xenon are used in ______________, whereas helium is used in party/weather balloons because it is ______ _________ than air.

Chapter 1: Matter & Change Section 3: Elements Noble Gases Neon, argon, krypton and xenon are used in lighting, whereas helium is used in party/weather balloons because it is less dense than air.