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1 1 KS3 SCIENCE - CHEMISTRY KS3 SCIENCE - CHEMISTRY Non-Metals

2 2 PROPERTIES OF NON-METALS

3 3 B B C C Si N N P P As O O S S Se Te F F Cl Br I I At He Ne Ar Kr Xe Rn Only 21 Elements in the Periodic Table are Non-Metals Only 21 Elements in the Periodic Table are Non-Metals

4 4 PROPERTIES OF NON-METALS Computer chips and glass are made from Silicon found in common sand Computer chips and glass are made from Silicon found in common sand

5 5 PROPERTIES OF NON-METALS Non-metals have a low Density, so they are not usually very strong or hard- wearing, and are often brittle Non-metals have a low Density, so they are not usually very strong or hard- wearing, and are often brittle

6 6 PROPERTIES OF NON-METALS Non-metals are poor Conductors of Heat and Electricity, and are used in Compounds for insulation Non-metals are poor Conductors of Heat and Electricity, and are used in Compounds for insulation

7 7 PROPERTIES OF NON-METALS Non-metals are not usually shiny or able to generate very much sound Non-metals are not usually shiny or able to generate very much sound

8 8 PROPERTIES OF NON-METALS Nor are non-metals Malleable or Ductile - they cannot be shaped or drawn out easily Nor are non-metals Malleable or Ductile - they cannot be shaped or drawn out easily

9 9 PROPERTIES OF NON-METALS Non-metals have low Melting and Boiling points, because the forces holding Atoms together are weak Non-metals have low Melting and Boiling points, because the forces holding Atoms together are weak At room temperature 11 of the 21 are gases, e.g. Helium At room temperature 11 of the 21 are gases, e.g. Helium

10 PROPERTIES OF NON-METALS Non-metals are not magnetic Non-metals are not magnetic

11 UNUSUAL NON-METALS

12 UNUSUAL NON-METALS Diamond is not a metal, but a form of pure Carbon Diamond is not a metal, but a form of pure Carbon Diamonds are extremely hard, with a melting point of C Diamonds are extremely hard, with a melting point of C

13 UNUSUAL NON-METALS The toughness of diamonds is due to the strength and the shape of the Bonds between the carbon atoms The toughness of diamonds is due to the strength and the shape of the Bonds between the carbon atoms

14 UNUSUAL NON-METALS Unlike other non-metals, Diamonds are harder than most metals and very durable Unlike other non-metals, Diamonds are harder than most metals and very durable So diamonds are useful for things like drill tips So diamonds are useful for things like drill tips

15 UNUSUAL NON-METALS Diamonds can be cut to create very flat surfaces, and they make attractive jewellery Diamonds can be cut to create very flat surfaces, and they make attractive jewellery

16 UNUSUAL NON-METALS Graphite, like diamond, is a form of pure Carbon Graphite, like diamond, is a form of pure Carbon But unlike other non- metals, graphite conducts electricity But unlike other non- metals, graphite conducts electricity

17 UNUSUAL NON-METALS Graphite has distinctive layers between its bonded atoms Graphite has distinctive layers between its bonded atoms

18 UNUSUAL NON-METALS Charged Electrons can move around between the layers, and this allows graphite to conduct electricity Charged Electrons can move around between the layers, and this allows graphite to conduct electricity This layering also makes graphite soft and slippery This layering also makes graphite soft and slippery