International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection Helsinki 4-5 October ‘07 ‘Future partnerships in critical Infrastructure protection’ Charles Gadomski Mark Lewis London Underground

Life Without Metros

London Underground Dimensions

Crime on London Underground Low crime environment Controlled space notifiable crimes in 2006 A crime every passenger journeys Crime down by 2.1% whilst passenger numbers up by 5%

Customer perceptions Perception of safety and security on trains and stations is improving Highest concerns are about smoking, graffiti and fare evasion Fear of crime is an important concern Broken windows theory

Crime and Personal Security Reassurance policing Crime reduction team Crime and disorder strategy Designing out crime Crime / terrorism overlap

Experience of terrorism before 7 th July 2005 Irish Republican –One fatality International terrorism

Our response to threat of terrorism (1) Risk assessment Intelligence awareness Levels of risk British Transport Police Employee presence, vigilance, response Design standards CCTV Customer awareness

Our response to threat of terrorism (2) Security checks Security programmes Contingency plans London Resilience Forum Resilience of critical infrastructure Management of unattended items

Specialist response HOT BTP Specialist response Explosives Chemical Biological Radiological

Events of July 7 th 2005

Network recovery 85% of services restored Service Director appointed to lead recovery operation Remaining 15% by 4 th Aug Customer numbers recover by mid September 2005

Lessons learned from 7/7 Contingency plans functioned well Recovery plan was effective Communication from sites Bulk supply of early first aid CCTV data gathering Other agencies

Longer term responses (1) Continue with pre 7/7 Security improvement plan remains valid Continue with Security risk management system PPP £70m over 5 years PFI £60m policing costs, +10% since 7/7

Longer term responses (2) Passenger screening trials Continue to work with Government and International community Emergency equipment Train design Video detection systems

Critical success factors Identify, assess, prioritise, plan, implement, test Combination of prevent and prepare Triggers of attack Evacuation Customer and staff awareness Work with others Early recovery Managing disruption

Disruption July 05 Aviation threat 9/11 anniversary Aviation alert 9/11 anniversary Radiation alert

Disruption – perception of terrorism

Partnership - People / Technology “the big lesson for us is to invest in your staff, rely on them; invest in technology but do not rely on it” Tim O’Toole – LU Managing Director – November 2005

Infrastructure Security Group Aims : ‘Improve real and perceived customer personal security & safety’.. ‘Social inclusion as opposed to Social exclusion’.. ‘LU will reduce customer fear of crime and perceived lack of personal security and reduce actual risk of crime through’..

How do we achieve this? Partnership approach Stakeholder engagement People engagement Through management of our asset condition – to provide a controlled environment.

Partnership Approach TfL Crime and Disorder Infrastructure Co’s Communications Police LU Customer Services LU Operational Security Strategy Owner: LU Strategy & Service Development LU Operational Upgrades Contracts/Legal Other Suppliers National Rail Engineers Government

Infrastructure security strategy –Encroachment map – level 1 Cable theft Vandalism Stone throwing Trespass Track damage Graffiti –Based on crime statistics

Track Encroachment

What did a risk are look like

What did a risk area look like

Benefits of partnership Business case can identify and consolidate all benefits for all parties – joint funding. Trespass mitigation Cable theft – delays to customers Malicious Damage Loss of life and injury Graffiti damage

The Future – a growing infrastructure

2012 Olympics

Investment

To keep London moving in a safe and secure environment To combine a reliable train service with the high standards of customers care that are part of our heritage To combine a reliable train service with the high standards of customers care that are part of our heritage To be a world class Tube for a world class city VisionVision StrategyStrategy ChallengeChallenge