The University of Texas at Austin Fall 2014 CAEE Department, Architectural Engineering Program Course: HVAC Design ARE 346P/CE 389H Instructor: Dr. Novoselac, Atila ECJ, Office (512) Office Hours: Tuesday and Thursday 11:00 – 12:00 p.m.

Objectives Introduce course syllabus and establish ground rules Describe class content Address any of your concerns

Introduce yourself Name? Department? Your professional interest?

HVAC systems Systems that: Cost very much (residential 10-20%, commercial 20-50% of total cost) Uses the most energy Most strongly influences our comfort Has great potential to improve/degrade our health No longer taught in ME ( at UT ) Very high demand for graduates

Motivation for studying HVAC systems Responsible for ~40% of energy consumption ~90% of our time is spent indoors HVAC systems are a central part of every building

Prerequisites Building Environmental Systems Familiarity with HVAC Thermodynamics Psychrometrics, phase change, properties Fluid Mechanics Flow in pipes and ducts, non-dimensional numbers Useful but not necessary Heat Transfer Conduction, convection, radiation

1.Apply fundamental physical principles to HVAC design 2.Describe and size each component in an HVAC system 3.Design HVAC systems based on manufacturer’s datasheets 4.Contrast residential systems with commercial systems and use appropriate design techniques for each type of system 5.Solve HVAC design problems with high-quality references Course Objectives

Course Topics Background, Introduction and Review2 wks Heating and Cooling Loads1 wk Psychrometrics and mass transfer1 wk Air conditioning and refrigerant cycles2 wks Chillers and Boilers1 wk Coils and heat exchangers2 wks Ducts, air, and water systems2 wks Large HVAC Systems2 wk HVAC Control2 wk Final Project, field trip1 wk 15 wks

What am I NOT covering? Detail calculation of Cooling/Heating loads Human comfort/Indoor air quality Furnaces and boilers Absorption cycle refrigeration Energy generation (heat and power, cogeneration) District heating and cooling (campus or city scale)

This is a skills class I expect you to come away from this class and be able to understand everything that you see in an HVAC system or know where to go to learn about it. You will be able to size most HVAC components, design smaller and medium size systems and understand larger systems

Kuehn, T.H.; Ramsey, J.W.; Threlkeld, J.L Thermal Environmental Engineering (3rd Edition) Prentice Hall ISBN: First edition was 1962 Excellent graduate/undergraduate textbook Thorough, fundamental, many examples Look forward to your opinion Other books are optional Textbook

Mid-Term Exam30% Project35% Homework Assignments30% Participation 5% 100% Homework is a large part of your grade ~ Weekly assignments, reducing in intensity by the end of semester 10% penalty per day for late assignments You are allowed to work together, but each student must prepare their own solution Grading

HWs (30%) Four homeworks -Combination of -book problems -design problems I made You can work to together but each student should submit individual assignment NOT a copy of summons work HW deadline is at the end of the day

Project (35%) Final Project -Undergraduates - group assignment -Graduates – individual assignment Design HVAC component and systems Assigned in late October Final project will have written (report) and oral (presentation) components

Exam (30%) One open-book midterm exam: November 13 tentative 1 or 2 longer problem(s) Few short answer questions

Participation My assessment of your participation in the class 5% of total grade How to get participation points Come to class and be on time Submit all assignments/project on time Participate in class

My Issues Please don’t come to my office between 8:30 and 9:30 am on Tuesday and Thursday Class preparation Please don’t use to ask me “content” questions Call me or come see me Suggestion are welcome

Course Website All class information online es/ARE389H/ es/ARE389H/ PLEASE LET ME KNOW ABOUT ERRORS

TENTATIVE COURSE SCHEDULE

Your questions ?

The Big Picture HVAC systems need to provide conditioned and acceptable air quality in buildings Heating, Cooling, Ventilation Heating, cooling, ventilation loads

Systems: Heating Make heat (furnace, boiler, solar, etc.) Distribute heat within building (pipes, ducts, fans, pumps) Exchange heat with air (coils, strip heat, radiators, convectors, diffusers) Controls (thermostat, valves, dampers)

Systems: Cooling Absorb heat from building (evaporator or chilled water coil) Reject heat to outside (condenser) Refrigeration cycle components (expansion valve, compressor, concentrator, absorber, refrigerant) Distribute cooling within building (pipes, ducts, fans, pumps) Exchange cooling with air (coils, radiant panels, convectors, diffusers) Controls (thermostat, valves, dampers, reheat)

Systems: Ventilation Fresh air intake (dampers, economizer, heat exchangers, primary treatment) Air exhaust (dampers, heat exchangers) Distribute fresh air within building (ducts, fans) Air treatment (filters, etc.) Controls (thermostat, CO 2 and other occupancy sensors, humidistats, valves, dampers)

Systems: Other Auxiliary systems (i.e. venting of combustion gasses) Condensate drainage/return Dehumidification (desiccant, cooling coil) Humidification (steam, ultrasonic humidifier) Energy management systems

Cooling coil Heat transfer from air to refrigerant Extended surface coil Drain Pain Removes moisture condensed from air stream Condenser Expansion valve Controls Compressor

Heating coil Heat transfer from fluid to air Heat pump Furnace Boiler Electric resistance Controls

Blower Overcome pressure drop of system Adds heat to air stream Makes noise Potential hazard Performs differently at different conditions (air flow and pressure drop)

Duct system (piping for hydronic systems) Distribute conditioned air Remove air from space Provides ventilation Makes noise Affects comfort Affects indoor air quality

Diffusers Distribute conditioned air within room Provides ventilation Makes noise Affects comfort Affects indoor air quality

Dampers Change airflow amounts Controls outside air fraction Affects building security

Filter Removes pollutants Protects equipment Imposes substantial pressure drop Requires Maintenance

Controls Makes everything work Temperature Pressure (drop) Air velocity Volumetric flow Relative humidity Enthalpy Electrical Current Electrical cost Fault detection

Goals of this class Use thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer, control theory, physics, critical analysis to design HVAC systems that work