A presentation by Jared Stachiw PhD, MPhil and Devon Burmeister P.Eng., BA

Mission Overview To study the composition of Rhea’s geology via subsurface drilling.  Formation of celestial bodies  Search for liquid water  Understanding the composition of both mineral and watery-ice based planetary bodies

Mission Overview  Approx yrs  Data Collected Photographs (Aerial, and Surface) Composition of Rhea’s icy/terrestrial surface and subsurface. Travel  3.5 billion kilometers  Approx. 7 yrs  Due to weight uses many `gravity assists`  Launch Window - October  Earth – Venus – Earth – Venus – Earth – Jupiter – Rhea

Mission Overview  Total cost - $3.3 billion  Development Giovanni is a sister spacecraft to Cassini spacecraft BD – 247 yet to be constructed 5-8 yrs

Planetary Composition  Diameter of 1529 km, equatorial circumference of 4,802.2 km, and a mass of x10 21 kg (For perspective Earth is 5.98x10 24 kg) Second Largest Moon  Orbital Period of ~ 4.5 Earth Days  No Atmosphere  Surface temperature between -174 to -220 degrees Celsius  Heavily cratered and scared with “Wispy Lines” – fractures forming canyons  Icy/Terrestrial surface composition ¾ Ice ¼ Rock“Frozen Dirty Snowball”  Tidal Locked

Cassini Mission  Goals Measure the Magnetosphere of Saturn Study the composition of Saturn`s atmosphere Determine the origin of Saturn's rings and the composition/geological history of the satellites around Saturn. Signs of potential microbiological life on Titan  Primary mission (Equinox) – 4 yrs  Extended primary mission - 2 yrs  New mission (Solstice) – 7 yrs  1997 (launch) – 2017 (expected termination)

Spacecraft Giovanni’s Design  Modeled after the Cassini spacecraft, but with a different probe - the “BD – 247”  Launch vehicle TITAN IVB.  Giovanni’s Dimensions Height- 6.7 M. Diameter- 4 M. Mass- 12,593 lbs  Giovanni’s Instruments Magnetometer, Cosmic Dust Analyzer, Cameras, Thrusters (powered by Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators – RTGs), onboard computers (for analyzing data), and a High and Low Gain antenna (for two way communication)  BD – 247 Drill (encapsulated in protective shell during flight) Simultaneously drills into planets crust, collects samples, and analyzes the samples to determine the composition of different layers of Rhea Data is transmitted back to Earth via a relay between BD – 247 and Giovanni

Support the Giovanni Mission To study the composition of Rhea’s geology via subsurface drilling.  Formation of celestial bodies  Search for liquid water  Understanding the composition of both mineral and watery-ice based planetary bodies in one place