Influences on your healthy, active lifestyle Topic 1.1.2 Influences on your healthy, active lifestyle

Influences on Taking Part in Sport People Family Peers Role Models Image Media Fashion Cultural Factors Gender Race Disability Age Resources Availability Location Access to Facilities Time Health and Wellbeing Illness Heath Problems Socio-economic Cost Status

PEOPLE Factors - Family Parents will encourage their children to take part in certain sports / activities. Parents / brothers or sisters may play a sport which you may watch resulting in you getting involved in. Children rely on their parents to get them to the sport / activity.

PEOPLE Factors – Friends / Peers Most children play sports with their friends in their spare time and will play whatever the majority want to play. Most children will play for a team where they already know some of the other children who play there. Peers / friends often encourage other children to take part in their sport or to come and play for their team.

PEOPLE Factors – Role Models People who excel in their sport and other people often children what to emulate them. Children / people are inspired by their actions and often decide to take up a sport in an attempt to be like them. They basically encourage people to take part in sport / try new sports.

IMAGE FACTORS – Fashion / Look Sports can go into and out of fashion depending on the times e.g. in the 90’s aerobics was very fashionable. Also the clothing people wear to take part in sports activities can be fashionable (trendy) which encourages people to take part. People want to look fit and healthy and will take part in physical activities to look good. WHY WOULD THIS INFLUENCE PEOPLE?

IMAGE FACTORS – Media Gives people the opportunity to view, read about and listen to sports. This often influences people to take part in a sport for the first time. Four types of media coverage: TV Papers Radio Internet

IMAGE FACTORS – Media Allows people to view a sport, encouraging them to give it a go. Sponsorship for a sport will dramatically increase if it is very popular with the media e.g. football. The media helps create role models for people to aspire to. Increased TV coverage often leads to a sport having more money to spend, giving more money out to people / clubs taking part e.g. large wages in football.

CULTURAL FACTORS – Disability Having a disability can limit the type of physical activity that you can take part it. Many sports centres nowadays have facilities for disabled people which has led to a increase in opportunities to take part. What prevents disabled people from taking part in sport? Lack of facilities in the local area. Lack of clubs / teams. Lack of media coverage (apart from when the Paralympics is on) Knowledge of activities available in local area e.g. advertising.

CULTURAL FACTORS – Age Young people take part in sport at school and if they enjoy it there they can normally go to a club where they can play more. Older people often participate in sports that are less strenuous. Sports centres often have concessions to encourage old people to participate in sport. What do most sports do to help people of different ages play? Have different age levels. Younger people often have leagues / competitions in age groups e.g. under 11’s. Older people often have their own competitions as well where they play against people of similar ages e.g. seniors.

CULTURAL FACTORS - GENDER KEY POINTS Men in Sport Play for fun, competition and to release aggression. Physical demanding sports / contact sports. Like to look big and strong. Like to be part of a team / social bonding. High media coverage / lots of role models. Women in Sport Sports with less body contact. Less competitive activities e.g. aerobics Emphasis on body shape and the way they look. Meet new people / socialise. Sports that maintain feminine image.

CULTURAL FACTORS – Race Why does it effect a person’s participation? Due to religion or cultural customs people are often prevented from taking part in physical activities. E.g. restricted dress code for most Muslim women or dietary requirements (fasting) .

RESOURCE FACTORS Availability For people to take part in physical activities there must be suitable facilities and resources available e.g. football pitches to play football. Location Depending of where you live will influence what activities you can take part in. If in your local area a sport is not offered it is a lot more difficult and time consuming to get involved in e.g. skiing. Certain environments lend themselves to certain sports e.g. Rock climbing, canoeing.

RESOURCE FACTORS Access Facilities need to be easily accessible, the easier the access the more likely they will be used. If facilities are further away transport will be needs but obviously this is more time consuming and costly. The better the facilities the more people will want to participate and use them. Time People need TIME to be able to participate in sports / activities. If they do not have free time then participation will suffer. This could be due to school, work or family commitments.

HEALTH FACTORS Illness – Being temporarily or permanently ill can prevent people from taking part in physical activities. However some medical conditions can be helped by exercise e.g. people who suffer from asthma should go swimming. Asthma: Effects the lungs ability to bring in oxygen and so can hinder people when participating in endurance activities. Diabetes: Can effect the bodies energy levels. People need to check their blood sugar levels constantly and can influence whether a person can continue. Joint Problems: Effects the joints within the body. This can obviously prevent someone from taking part in some sports that require certain joints when performing.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS MONEY and STATUS Some sports require expensive equipment e.g horse riding Some activities you need to be a member to play which usually means paying membership fees which can be expensive e.g. joining a golf club. You may need to travel to be able to take part in an activity which again costs money e.g. Skiing. Upper class – sports which are more expensive and more difficult to access are seen as upper class sports as people need money to get involved e.g. polo, rowing. Working Class – sports which are cheaper and more easily accessible are often seen as working class sports e.g. football, rugby.

ROLES IN SPORT Participant / Performer These are the people who turn up week in week out to participate within a sport / activity. Most of them do this for fun and to be with their mates, but some do this as they like competition and they want to win trophies. Coach Coaches need a good knowledge and understanding of the sport they coach. They must have good tactical knowledge if they are to succeed within game situations. Coaches must be able to help and develop their players performances. They must be able to analyse their players performances and give them clear and positive feedback to hep them improve. They must be good communicators.

ROLES IN SPORT - Official Referees / officials must know the rules of the sport. They need to be very observant and decisive as they must make decisions very quickly. They must be confident and authoritative (strong) so that they can keep control within games. They must be good communicators given clear instructions to performers before and during games. Volunteer Volunteers are people who give up their free time without being paid to assist in a team / club. Volunteers can do a variety of things like coach, drive the team mini-bus, clean kits etc. Volunteers needs to be enthusiastic and have the ability to work as a team. They must also be good leaders, be organised and have good problem solving skills. People who volunteer to run clubs often make new friends and improve their teamwork / leadership skills which they may find useful outside of sport.

ELITE Highly skilled performers who have reached a level of excellence within their chosen sport. These people compete at national / international level and can be other professional or amateur athletes. PERFORMANCE People who train seriously and are committed to improving their skills within a sport. Playing for a club where you receive coaching and advice. Compete at club or regional level.

PARTICIPATION When people choose to do a sport regularly. People are competent at their chosen sport. They enjoy socialising, develop their fitness and having fun while taking part in sport. They do extra-curricular activities to develop their skills further. FOUNDATION Developing basic skills and movements needed for sports. Taking part at school during PE lessons and at lunchtime in the play ground.

Initiatives These are ways to increase the popularity and participation in a particular sport. They are often aimed at certain groups of people within a community e.g. Women and Girls, the elderly. Priority Groups These are groups of people that the government wants to focus on and increase their participation within sporting activities. Lower social-economic groups Adults with a limiting disability or illness Women and girls Minority ethnic groups

Purpose of Initiatives Increase participation /get people to participate to improve peoples health/fitness. Retain people in sport through club links/ Better facilities/ through a variety of different roles. Increase sporting success of country by developing talented performers into more elite performers.