ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 1 Personal Computers and Applications Chapter 1

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 2 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Objectives  Identify the purpose and uses of personal computers and describe local and network applications.  Compare and contrast different types of computing devices.  Explain the binary representation of data.  Determine appropriate components and peripheral devices to meet requirements.  Install, verify, and upgrade computer components and peripherals.

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 3 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Purpose and Uses of Personal Computers  Multiple uses for computers

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 4 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Computers need 3 things...  Hardware  Operating System  Application Software

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 5 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Purpose and Uses of Personal Computers  Software Can be grouped 2 ways  1)Business & Industry –Medical-keep up with records, payments, etc –Educational-such as Infinite Campus or STI –Legal  2)General Use –Used by a wide range of people, such as MS Word –Used for various services

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 6 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Types of Computing Devices  Different types of Computers—each one with a different purpose  ****TASK**** Design a graphical representation(drawing) of the 6 different types of computer systems and then insert a description of each device.

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 7 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Types of Applications  Local – runs on only one PC, stored on the PC’s Hard Drive  Network – runs over the network (the Internet) Must have two components runs on a local computer runs on a remote computer

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 8 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Types of Computing Devices  Servers or Mainframe – keep in a secure location (Why??)  High performance computers which provide services to many clients Multiple CPUs Loads of RAM High capacity drives

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 9 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Types of Computing Devices  Desktop personal computer (PC)  Used to run everyday applications Internet Word Processing Spreadsheet

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 10 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Types of Computing Devices  Workstation – high powered computers  Features Multiple processors Large amounts of RAM High capacity drives  Types of applications Computer Aided Design (CAD) 3D Video animation

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 11 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Types of Portable Computing Devices  Types and features of portable devices Laptop – AKA a Notebook Use of a docking station with a laptop allows for more connection options & external monitor PDA – Palm Pilot, mobile and used for basic services such as or schedules

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 12 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Binary Representation of Data  Humans use words and pictures to communicate  Computers use bits – 1 or 0 (1=on; 0=off) – just like a light switch –8 bits = 1 byte  Networkers need to be able to understand both

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 13 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Binary Representation of Data  Humans use the Base 10 numbering system, but computers only understand binary, so how do we communicate??  Simple – Convert Base 10 to Binary  Try these examples: – 175 – 68 – 255

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 14 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public What helps determine the speed?  Type of Media – UTP Cable – Fiber – Wireless  Type of file – Larger files require more time to download  Type of computer

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 15 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Binary Representation of Data  Measuring resolution and frequency  Pixels – determines the resolution  Hertz = how fast something recycle or refreshes  300 MHz = 300 million cycles/second

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 16 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices  Preassembled or Custom Built – which one should you choose??  Preassembled Advantages: – Lower Cost – Performs most applications  Preassembled Disadvantages: – May lack in performance  Custom Built Advantages: – Exact components – Supports higher performance applications  Custom Built Disadvantages – Costly

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 17 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices  Motherboard – main circuit board – slots for network, video, and sound carts

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 18 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices  Central Processing Unit (CPU) – nerve center of the computer  Factors to remember when selecting your processor – higher speed = faster performance Speed measured in Hertz – more power = more heat  Bus – how data gets to its location (like a highway) – faster bus = faster computer

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 19 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices  Random Access Memory (RAM) – temporary storage – stores data while it is being processed by the CPU  Why would a user need more RAM? – Multiple applications running at the same time – Multiple CPUs – Amount of RAM available is determined by the motherboard

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 20 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices  Adapter cards add functionality to a computer system NIC- Allows access to other computers resources on a local network

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 21 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices  Optical Drives – Use of laser beams to record information – CD or DVD – uses red laser – Blue Ray – uses blue-violet laser can hold up to 25GB of data

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 22 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices  Magnetic Drives – Hard Drive – Floppy Drive – Tape Drive

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 23 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices  Peripheral Devices – Added to the computer to expand its capabilities –Different categories Input Output Storage Networking  Where do these devices fit??

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 24 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices  Surge Protector or Surge Suppressor – prevents damage to the computer because of power spikes  UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) – keeps charge of internal battery – provides backup power without interruption for a short period of time, save and logoff time

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 25 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Install, Verify and Upgrade Components and Peripherals  Computer Repair Best Practices  Turn PC off and unplug power – Determine if the part is hot-swappable (if so, there is no need to turn off power before adding or removing the part)  Never open power supply or monitor – both contain high voltages  Be aware of Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) – transfers electricity from your body to electrical parts – ground yourself properly

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 26 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Install, Verify and Upgrade Components and Peripherals  Take the following precautions: –Determine if the component is hot swappable If in doubt, unplug it!! –Attach grounding strap ( to prevent an ESD discharge) –Remove old component –Check the connection on the new component Should fit easily; if you have to force it, it probably doesn’t belong there –Place component in the correct slot

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 27 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Install, Verify and Upgrade Components and Peripherals  2 Key Items to Remember When Installing A Peripheral Use Correct cables/connectors Check for updates (most technology products sit on the self for several months or years before they are purchased.)

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 28 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Install, Verify and Upgrade Components and Peripherals  You install a peripheral and it works one day and not the next 3 items to check 1)Check to make sure it has Power (turned on) 2)Verify all cables are connected 3)Use the testing functionality of the Peripheral (this will let it check itself)

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 29 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Install, Verify and Upgrade Components and Peripherals  PS/2 - connects keyboard and mouse  USB – connects many devices (PnP)  Serial – connects modems/printers  Parallel – connects printer  VGA – connects monitors  RJ11 – connects phone lines  RJ45 – connects to the network