Inside Earth The Theory of Plate Tectonics

Layers of the Earth—Questions I What is the approximate temperature of the core? What happens with temperature and pressure as you descend towards the core? Why is the inner core solid and the outer core liquid? What do geologists use to study the inside of the earth? What is the source of heat inside the earth? Compare basalt and granite. What is the difference between the lithosphere and the crust?

Heat Transfer Heat transfer is the movement of heat from a warmer place to a cooler place. Three Types 1.Conduction – through solids 2.Radiation – through empty space 3.Convection – through liquids

Theory of Continental Drift Alfred Wegener – 1910 (Pangea) –Evidence for Theory 1.The “fit” of the continents –like a puzzle! 2.Similar landforms on different continents 3.Similar fossils on different continents 4.Different climates on the same continent Problem – Wegener couldn’t explain how the continents were able to move.

Sea-Floor Spreading Harry Hess 1960’s Evidence for 1.Molten Material found by “Alvin” at the mid-ocean ridge (pillow lava) 2.Magnetic Stripes – Iron Particles show poles reversals creating similar pattern on both sides of the M-O-R 3.Drilling samples – Showed that rock nearest the M-O-R is younger than rock further away.

Theory of Plate Tectonics (pulled it all together) Tuzo Wilson 1965 Convection currents carry the plates Identified 3 types of plate boundaries 1.Convergent Aleutian Islands, Andes, Himalayas, Mariana Trench 2.Divergent Mid-Ocean Ridge, East African Rift Valley 3.Transform San Andreas Fault –Hawaiian Islands – An island chain formed in the middle of a plate over a hot spot!!

Skills and Questions II 1.Draw, title and label the 4 diagrams – Andes, Himalayas, Aleutian Islands and Mid-Ocean Ridge 2.Describe the movement of heat from the inner core to outer space. 3.Why is it important to know that the asthenosphere is under the lithosphere? 4.Locate the 8 “wonders” of plate tectonics on a world map. 5.Use a Venn diagram to compare and contrast the formation of the Aleutian and Hawaiian Islands. 6.How did the ideas of Wegener and Hess help Tuzo Wilson form the current Theory of Plate Tectonics? 7.USE CCM to convert 72 eggs to dozens!!

The Big Eight 1.Himalayan Mountains 2.Andes Mountains 3.San Andreas Fault 4.Great Rift Valley 5.Aleutian Islands 6.Hawaiian Islands 7.Mariana Trench 8.Mid-Ocean Ridge

Additional Vocabulary island arc island chain Alvin absolute zero radioactive decay Spring Equinox Declination Jacque Cousteau SCUBA Tonga Islands

Suggested Study 1.Use Flash cards to review vocabulary (key terms page 49). 2.Re-read Chapter 1 3.Go over pictures, embedded questions within pictures and Review questions at the end of each section. 4.Review Cornell Notes, quizzes, handouts and journal – go over these with a highlighter. 5.Complete review section on pages 50 and Review with a friend or parent.