DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH WHAT DO YOU ALRE ADY KNO W? WRITE 5 THINGS YOU THINK YOU KNOW and 2 QUESTI ONS TO ASK AIDS

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH How much do you know about AIDS already?  Answer the following questions in the quiz to find out how much you know about HIV and AIDS

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH About how many people have died from the AIDS disease? A. 400 million B. 10 million C. 10 thousand D. 20 million E. less than one thousand F. None

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH What does AIDS stand for? Average Individual Death Syndrome Activity Information Data System Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Aircraft Integrated Data Systems Acquired Iatrogenic Death Syndrome None of the above

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH Is there a cure for AIDS? Yes No

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH If you acquire the HIV virus do you automatically get AIDS? Yes No Sometimes

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH Does the term HIV and AIDS both mean the same thing?? Yes No

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH True or False, you can get the HIV virus if you get bit by a mosquito? True False

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH How many people were living with HIV in the UK in 2008? Less than 500 Less than 20,000 More than 80,000 More than 200,000

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH Can you tell if a person has AIDS, by just looking at them? Yes No

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH Most of the people with HIV in the UK got it through sex True False

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH Can you get the HIV virus by shaking someone's hand? yes No Sometimes

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH About how many people have died from the AIDS disease? If you acquire the HIV virus do you automatically get AIDS? Does the term HIV and AIDS both mean the same thing?? Is there a cure for AIDS? What does AIDS stand for? 20 million people Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome NO

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH True or False, you can get the HIV virus if you get bit by a mosquito? Most of the people with HIV in the UK got it through sex Can you get the HIV virus by shaking someone's hand? Can you tell if a person has AIDS, by just looking at them? How many people were living with HIV in the UK in 2008? FALSE More than 80,000 NO TRUE NO

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH AIDS a worldwide disease Read pages in Intermediate textbook. Answer the worksheet questions 1.What is the difference between HIV and AIDS? 2.Describe the distribution of people with HIV/AIDS in Africa On the outline map of the world, mark in the regions from figure 68.2 and use the data to show the distribution of AIDS across the world.

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH Watch the following National Geographic video that describes the plight of AIDS orphans in the Kibera slum in sub-Saharan Africa. sci/health/kenya-aids-sci/ 1. Describe how AIDs affects the children in Kenya. 2. What percent of hospital occupants have AIDS in the area of Kibera? 3. What is the Kibera Community Self help Programme? 4. What is one reason why AIDS continues to spread in communities? 5. How many AIDS orphans are estimated to live in Kenya? 6. How are children with AIDS being helped in Kenya?

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH Distribution of AIDS across the world Uneven across the globe – worldwide disease Most common in sub-Saharan Africa Highest levels in Zimbabwe and Botswana Particularly high in urban areas with high population density

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH HIV/AIDS remains one of the world's most significant public health challenges, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infects cells of the immune system – it breaks down the body’s ability to fight off other infections. AIDS refers to the most advanced stages of the infection. 0.2% of cases are in Europe 68% of all cases are in Africa 4 million cases are in SE Asia Distribution of AIDS across the world

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH Drinking breastmilk from an infected mother. From an infected mother to child during pregnancy or delivery. Unprotected sex with an infected person. Civil war – incidents of rape increases Sharing a needle with an infected person during drug injection. Unsafe medical injections – Sub Saharan Africa. Infected blood transfusions. Causes of AIDS

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH Weakening factors 1.Drug abuse 2.Poverty 3.Malnutrition 4.Other infections Who is most likely to be at risk? These are factors that weaken your body’s natural immunity and make the progression from HIV to AIDS more likely.

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH Lack of energy Weight loss Frequent fevers and sweats A thick, whitish coating of the tongue or mouth Periods of extreme and unexplained fatigue that may be combined. with headaches and/or dizziness Bruising more easily than normal Long-lasting bouts of diarrhoea HEALTH consequences

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH Huge numbers of children left orphaned. The increasing number of women being struck down by the disease means the collapse of family care systems and work around the house. SOCIAL consequences Due to the death of young parents, grandparents are left as the sole providers in a family. A decline in school enrolment -More teachers are also dying of the disease Some religious groups are less sympathetic to those who are HIV positive, and regard the disease as a punishment for their ‘sins’ (STIGMA)

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH The vast majority of people living with HIV/AIDS worldwide are in the prime of their working lives. As the disease hits the working population, agricultural production is severely affected and many jobs in other sectors are left vacant. ECONOMIC consequences Because there are fewer people working, there are fewer taxpayers, so the country is producing less wealth and also has less tax money to pay for services and to carry out development plans. Decrease in crop yields – increase in famine and disease.

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH management There is NO cure or effective vaccine in ARV drugs can be used to prolong life expectancy Those infected with HIV may also be vaccinated against infections such as Hepatitis A and B. Expectant mothers can be given preventative treatment to avoid infecting their unborn child.

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH Prevention & effectiveness Encourage condom use – This has helped to reduce the risk of HIV transmission by approx 80% in developed countries. HIV testing – testing facilities are poor and many people avoid testing because of the stigma associated with the disease. Needle exchange – Mauritius and Kenya have adopted the programme to provide IDUs with clean needles. Improved sex education – most cost effective prevention strategy. Children who stay on at school are at a much lower risk of becoming infected with HIV. By teaching about sex education it has also to decrease high risk sexual behaviour. ARV drugs - still not available - fewer than one in five of the millions of Africans in need of the treatment are receiving it. Medical treatment is related to the ECONOMIC STATUS of a country – treatment is less available in ELDCs.

DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH Click on the image to watch a short introductory video that describes the causes of AIDs