Global Project “Models for Implementing Multiple-Use Water Systems for Enhanced Land and Water Productivity, Rural Livelihoods and Gender Equity” Or “The Multiple Water Use Project” Or “The MUS Project”

Five lead partners

Budget over four years: $ 2.45 million $ 1.6 million $ 0.15 million $ 0.7 million Matching funds lead partners

Project Outputs 1.Global and national awareness of science-based and field-tested models, guidelines and tools for multiple-use schemes. 2. Enhanced capacity to implement and study those schemes and elicit their 100-fold upscaling within five years after the project.

Location Andes (Colombia & Bolivia) 2 Limpopo (Zimbabwe & South Africa) 3 Nile (Ethiopia) 3 4 Indus-Ganges (India & Nepal) 5 Mekong (Thailand) 4 5

De facto multiple uses of single-use planned water systems: Problem or Opportunity ? Rationale

Opportunities of m.u.s. approaches 1.Meeting broader water needs of women and men (health, freedom from drudgery, income from crops, livestock, fish, businesses)

Opportunities of m.u.s. approaches 1.Meeting broader water needs of women and men (health, freedom from drudgery, income from crops, livestock, fish, businesses) 2.Improving scheme sustainability by avoiding ‘illegal’ uses, damage, and deviation from planned allocations

Opportunities of m.u.s. approaches 1.Meeting broader water needs of women and men (health, freedom from drudgery, income from crops, livestock, fish, businesses) 2.Improving scheme sustainability by avoiding ‘illegal’ uses, damage, and deviation from planned allocations 3.Investing low incremental costs for high additional benefits

Opportunities of m.u.s. approaches 1.Meeting broader water needs of women and men (health, freedom from drudgery, income from crops, livestock, fish, businesses) 2.Improving scheme sustainability by avoiding ‘illegal’ uses, damage, and deviation from planned allocations 3.Investing low incremental costs for high additional benefits 4.Improving ability to pay for ‘domestic’ schemes

Opportunities of m.u.s. approaches 1.Meeting broader water needs of women and men (health, freedom from drudgery, income from crops, livestock, fish, businesses) 2.Improving scheme sustainability by avoiding ‘illegal’ uses, damage, and deviation from planned allocations 3.Investing low incremental costs for high additional benefits 4.Improving ability to pay for ‘domestic’ schemes 5.Allowing for massive upscaling

Opportunities of m.u.s. approaches In sum: A m.u.s. approach is the most effective way to use water for poverty alleviation and gender equity in rural and peri-urban areas

Opportunities of m.u.s. approaches

Generic Methodology New partnerships: domestic and productive water sectors; researchers and implementers Action Research – Learning by Doing Through ‘Learning Alliances’ at local, intermediate, national and international level Around a research framework of 12 principles for a m.u.s. approach

Strategy Methodology Action research to develop tools and methodologies Using a principle-based approach Scaling up Learning about Multiple Use water Services (MUS) through learning alliances Learning about learning alliances for scaling up MUS

Project framework Focus at 3 levels: National – an enabling framework of policy, legislation, and resource allocation Intermediate – coordination and long term support mechanisms Local – implementation and management Principles for implementation and scaling up at each level Principles provide a checklist helping to identify questions to ask, and actions to take, in each phase of action research Leading to action results, and learning about the process

Community National Intermediate Flows of information and communication

Enabling environment at intermediate level Ownership and understanding of MUS and its impact Proper financial models Thorough understanding of poor people’s water-based livelihoods Appropriate technology Effective and inclusive community institutions Sustainable use of available water resources and services Implementing a sustainable, equitable and effective MUS approach for improved livelihoods- principles to be addressed in the different phases of the project cycle at community level Community Level

Enabling environment at national level Ownership and understanding of MUS and its impacts among all intermediate level stakeholders Participatory project cycles followed in implementation programmes Resources exist among intermediate level stakeholders to implement and upscale MUS Coordination of planning, implementation and financing among intermediate level stakeholders Capacity to follow a learning approach to MUS among intermediate level organisations Intermediate level institutions to support communities in operation and maintenance and other support to MUS Enabling environment for implementing and scaling up a sustainable, equitable and effective MUS approach; principles at intermediate/service provider level Intermediate Level

Ownership and understanding of MUS and its impacts among national level stakeholders Coordination of planning, implementation and financing of MUS among national level organisations that enables coordination among intermediate level stakeholders Capacity to support a learning approach to MUS among intermediate level organisations National policies, legislation, norms and standards allow for integrated participatory project cycles at local and enabling intermediate level National water policies, legislation, and implementation programs allocate resources to enhance physical access of the poor to an equitable share of water for multiple uses Implementing and scaling up a sustainable, equitable and effective MUS approach; principles at national level for an enabling environment National Level National water policies and legislation, and their enforcement strategies, enhance legal access of the poor to an equitable share of water for multiple uses

Example Principles: Enhancing the MUS approach at community level should be based on: Assessment phase Thorough understanding of poor people’s water-based livelihoods Question: What are current water uses and water- based livelihoods, and which water needs for improved water-based livelihoods are still unmet? Answer: Assessment of water use, needs, and water- based livelihoods Tools: methodologies like SWELL -> research outcome Product: base-line assessment of water-based livelihoods and unmet needs -> outcome for direct action

Example PrinciplesReflection phase Capacity to follow a learning approach to MUS among intermediate level organisations Question: How have attitudes towards MUS changed among stakeholders, and why? Answer: Joint reflection Tools: Process documentation of the learning process and capacity – research outcome Product: Impact assessment, lessons for improved design, implementation, and tools, and report – action outcome and research outcome

Conclusions Need for integrated approaches to address people’s multiple water needs Approach based on innovating and scaling-up at the same time Aiming to address relevant issues at all levels: national, district and community