Prevention Strategies: Emerging Trends and Issues Kimberly E. Davis, Ph.D. July 17, 2010 Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development

New cases in 2009: 192,280 Deaths in 2009: 27,360 Approximately 1 in 6 American men Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development Source: American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2009.

Prostate cancer is detected at an earlier age in African-American men than Caucasian men and they had a higher PSA level at diagnosis. Prostate Cancer incidence and mortality is higher in African-American men than any other ethnic group. Sources: Horner MJ, Ries LAG, Krapcho M, Neyman N, Aminou R, Howlader N, Altekruse SF, Feuer EJ, Huang L, Mariotto A, Miller BA, Lewis DR, Eisner MP, Stinchcomb DG Edwards BK (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, , National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, based on November 2008 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development

Incidence Mortality Source: SEER 9 areas. Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Std Population (19 age groups - Census P ). Regression lines are calculated using the Joinpoint Regression Program Version 3.3.1, April 2008, National Cancer Institute. Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development

Health Lifestyle Factors – Eat Sensibly – Stop smoking if you smoke – Drink alcohol in moderation – Be physically active – Maintain a healthy weight. – Limit your chemical exposure (pesticides and herbicides) Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development

Guidelines for a Healthy Diet – 5+ servings of fruits and vegetables per day – Limit red meat (beef, pork, or lamb) and processed meats (hot dogs or luncheon meats) – Plant Based Diet Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development

Limit High Fat Foods – fast food, fried food, baked goods Limit Simple Carbohydrates – table sugar, fruit juice, soda, corn syrup High Fiber Diet – apples, citrus fruits, oat bran Omega 3 Fatty Acid – salmon, mackerel, nuts, Omega 9 Fatty Acid – olive oil and canola oil Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development

Lycopene Pomegranates Selenium and Vitamin E Calcium Vitamin D Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development

Race / Ethnicity – African-American men have the highest risk and are more likely to be diagnosed at an advanced stage. Family History – Having a father or brother with prostate cancer more than doubles a man’s risk of developing this disease – This risk is much higher for men with several affected relatives, particularly if their relatives were young at the time the cancer is found. Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development

African-American men should be screened for prostate cancer after of age of 45. Prostate cancer is 95% treatable if detected early. Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development

Basic Research Genetics Prevention Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development

QUESTIONS Kimberly E. Davis, Ph.D. Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development