T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Mobile Web Services T Next Generation Cellular Networks Yrjö Raivio 28916V

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Contents Motivation Standardization bodies Web Services Interoperability Organization (WS-I) Web Services Discovery Liberty Alliance Project Drivers Architecture PAOS Open Web Services Architecture Examples Conclusions

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Mobile Circle of Trust – Single Sign On

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Challenge with the Mobile Services Mobile Operators High integration cost for new xSP to join operator portal. Less revenue from services and traffic. Terminals Less services available. Lower value to the subscriber. Difficult to use services. Lack of privacy. xSP’s High integration costs for authentication, charging, personalization. Services not attractive to subscriber. Presence, Location xSP 1 xSP 2 Application Development Fragmentation, loss of mass- market appeal Charging Profile Messaging Authentication

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Mobile Operators Easy integration. Easy for xSP to join operator portal. More revenue from services & traffic. Terminals More value for the subscribers because more services and better user experience. Privacy protection. xSP’s Easy integration. xSP more independent from operator. Services more attractive through single sign-on, personalization, privacy. Standard WS (& IdM) Framework Presence, Location Charging Profile Messaging Authentication Solution: Web Services and Identity Management xSP 1 xSP 2 Application Development

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Mobile Operators Terminals Even more value for the subscriber/terminal xSP’s Even more attractive services Next step: WEB services entering the phone xSP 1 xSP 2 Application Development WS Framework WS Framework Web services

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Mobile Web Services Standardization bodies W3C: XML, SOAP, WSDL IETF: HTTP OASIS: UDDI, WS-Security WS-I: Interoperability of the basic functions MS, IBM, Nokia Liberty Alliance Project: ID-FF, Identity Federation Framework ID-SIS, Identity Service Interface Specifications ID-WSF, Identity Web Services Framework OMA/Mobile Web Services WG: Defines that the Mobile Web Services suit to the OMA Architecture Java Community/J2ME Web Services - support for Java based mobile application development

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Web Services Interoperability Org. (WS-I) WS-I’s Work to Date Composition/Orchestration Business Process Orchestration PortalsManagement XML, SOAP XML Schema, WSDL, UDDI, SOAP with Attachments HTTP, HTTPS, Others Invocation Description Transports Composable Service Elements TransactionalityWS-Security Reliable Messaging Endpoint Identification, Publish/SubscribeMessaging Additional Capabilities

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Web Services Discovery Methods to find Web Services: By being told about it out of band Examples include obtaining the information from a service provider by e- mail, or by being dynamically informed about the service during an HTTP transaction (for example, by using the Liberty Reverse HTTP Binding for SOAP Specification) Through a visit to a well-known location Knowledge of this location can be, for example, shared out of band, discovered on a Web site, or shared as ‘metadata’ By using a centralized directory, such as a UDDI (Universal Distribution, Discovery and Integration) directory By using an identity-based discovery service ID-WSF Discovery How the service provider will find MY services such as Identity Provider, Payment, Messaging etc.

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Liberty Alliance Project Need to be connected anytime, anyplace - without compromising security or control of personal information Liberty Alliance provides the technology, knowledge and certifications to build identity into the foundation of mobile and Web-based communications Not mobile specific but mobile aware 150+ diverse member organizations, from banks to operators and service providers Identity Management framework To solve privacy issues Link different identities (telco, internet) with each other Authenticate and authorize transactions in non-trusted /unsecured environment Facilitate easy of use-avoiding multiple registrations to services Easy and standard interfacing to 3 rd parties using main stream Internet technologies (Web Services, XML/SOAP -> Liberty ID-FF/ID-WSF)

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Liberty Alliance Project - Architecture Liberty specifications build on existing standards (SAML, SOAP, WS-Security, XML, etc.) Liberty Identity Federation Framework (ID-FF) Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) 2.0 Enables identity federation and management through features such as identity/account linkage simplified sign on simple session management Liberty Identity Services Inter- face Specifications (ID-SIS) Enables interoperable identity services such as personal identity profile service, contact book service, geo- location service, presence service etc. Liberty Identity Web Services Framework (ID-WSF) Provides the framework for building interoperable identity services, permis- sion based attribute sharing, identity service description and discovery, and the associated security profiles.

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR PAOS – Reverse HTTP Binding for SOAP Most devices equipped with HTTP client but not with HTTP server, like mobiles However, mobile devices could offer valuable services to other parties, like calendar and profile service Such services could be especially valuable when such devices interact with an HTTP-based server (or service) When a user of a mobile terminal visits a web site, that web site could use some of the data from a personal profile service to personalize the offered content The primary difference from the normal HTTP binding for SOAP is that here a SOAP request is bound to a HTTP response and vice versa Hence the name Reversed HTTP binding for SOAP. The (informal) abbreviation for this binding specification is "PAOS"

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Personal Portal Service

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Open Web Services Architecture

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Operator control and Web Services Today connections from the internet towards mobile devices or directly between them are blocked due to security risks and fear of losing control => Full utilization of WS not possible yet Operators do not have any specific control points in the game, but they do have interesting data (location, profile, presence) and huge register base Operators have not (yet) opened their services through WS IFs Operators and banks are both interested about the Identity Provider (IDP) business; no common views, scattered solutions by operators, banks and governments PAOS enables operator independent services but requires that terminal has the data! Symbian terminals will soon have Web Services support

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Roles in the Service Business Web Service Consumers Web Service Providers Device roles: Web Service Consumers Web Service Providers Web Service Provider Authentication Discovery Profile Location Charging Messaging Presence Mobile operator roles: Web Service Consumer Web sites and Applications roles: Service protocols

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Examples AOL developed and services based on open WEB Services standards Client can utilize platform WEB Services API’s I.e. easier to develop Less memory consumption Amazon has opened WS API to their product catalogue Piranha Java SW utilises this API and can check any product and price Amazon supports Amazon gets 17% commission of 3rd party product turnover; 22% of Amazon incomes

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Demo: “WSP” on the mobile Gateway Web Server BT Pan Firewall Internet GPRS

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR Conclusions Mobile Web Services offer interesting opportunities for mobile service developers Standardization setup is pretty complex, over engineered => de facto standards? Banks and operators are competing with each other => scattered, nation wide identity solutions Mobile operators have been too slow and have not utilized their strengths: Customer base, Trust, Authentication, Billing, Profile, Location, Messaging, Presence… Open APIs needed – New business possibilities for all parties

T Next Generation Cellular Networks/ /YR References SOAP and XML specifications: SAML and UDDI specifications: WS-I: Liberty Alliance, PAOS: OMA MWS WG: White Papers Available at: Identity Federation and Web services – technical use cases for mobile operators, Nokia & Sun, 12/2004. Nokia Web Services Framework for Devices – a Service-oriented Architecture, Nokia, 03/2004. Available at: Deploying Mobile Web Services using Liberty Alliance’s Identity Web Services Framework (ID-WSF), Nokia & Sun, 06/2004. Developers: