Take out a sheet of paper If you were to caption this picture, what would you say?

Nutrition and Wellness, Chapter 14 Eating Disorders Nutrition and Wellness, Chapter 14

Holistic Wellness Screen Shot 2014-11-03 at 8.52.58 PM Where have you seen this before? Eating disorders affect all aspects of holistic wellness: Individuals’ social lives, physical health, and psychological health.

• Anorexia nervosa • Bulimia nervosa • Binge eating Eating disorders are some of the most challenging mental illnesses. Untreated eating disorders can result in severe medical complications and even death in certain cases. There any many types of eating disorders. The three we will be focusing on are: • Anorexia nervosa • Bulimia nervosa • Binge eating There are many different types and variations of eating disorders. The three we will be focusing on are: Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating. Do any of these sound familiar? You will be creating a foldable to take notes on and organize information.

-Eating disorders have the highest mortality rate of any mental illness -20 million women and 10 million men suffer from an eating disorder at some time in their lives Because these disorders are fairly common, it is important to learn about them. You may come across an individual at some point in your life who has an eating disorder.

Fold your piece of paper into 4 columns and label Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa Binge-Eating Disorder What it is: Signs/Symptoms: Causes: Health Risks: Treatment/How to get help: Resource/How to help: You will be creating a foldable to take notes on and organize information. Label your paper just as this is labeled (pass around examples, walk around to answer questions). You will be following along with the powerpoint and videos to fill this out.

Anorexia Nervosa -Emotional/psychological disorder characterized by an obsessive desire to lose weight. -A relentless pursuit of thinness, often characterized by a distorted self body image (often look frail/“too thin”) Anorexia: America’s Hidden Epidemic http://abcnews.go.com/WNT/video/ anorexia-americas-hidden- epidemic-23432138 Individuals who suffer from anorexia often have thin and frail-looking bodies at their highest point.

Causes of Anorexia -NO definite cause of anorexia. Some possibilities are: Self-esteem issues Body image issues Social pressures Genetic factors -This disorder affects more females than males: About 1% of adolescent girls & 0.3% of males These issues are all relevant to holistic health and wellness, especially because they are relating to the emotional well being on individuals.

Symptoms of Anorexia • Restrictive eating • Excessive exercising • Over-use of diet pills, laxatives & enemas • Think they are overweight when really they are really thin • Obsessed about food • Vomit after eating • Denial Essentially, individuals with anorexia may exercise too much, restrict their intake, or find other ways to lose weight.

Physical Complications of Anorexia • Malnutrition • Heart-rhythm disturbances • Digestive abnormalities • Bone density loss (irreversible) • Anemia (the body doesn’t have enough red blood cells) • Hormonal & electrolyte imbalances **If a person with anorexia becomes severely malnourished, every organ in the body can be damaged, including the brain, heart and kidneys. This damage may not be fully reversible, even when the anorexia is under control. This illness can cause many health problems. Here are common ones:

Mental Complications of Anorexia Depression Anxiety disorders Personality disorders Obsessive-compulsive disorders Drug abuse This illness can also affect a person’s psychological mindset. Anorexia may even lead people to have more illnesses.

Bulimia Nervosa • Characterized by recurring and frequent episodes of eating unusually large amounts of food & feeling lack of control over eating • This binge eating is followed by a behavior that compensates for the over eating. Examples include: purging/vomiting, excessive use of laxatives, fasting, and excessive exercise. Most people with Bulimia often have a normal body weight or are slightly overweight **Unlike Anorexia (extremely skinny and noticeable), individuals suffering from bulimia have an average body weight or a slightly overweight body Andrew’s Bulimia

Causes of Bulimia • No definite cause, but may be any of the following: • Social surroundings • Stressful situations • Cultural pressures • Low self-esteem • Depression • Abuse

Symptoms of Bulimia • Preoccupation with food • Damage to teeth • Binge eating (usually in secret) • Marks on fingers • Vomiting after eating • Abuse of laxatives • Compulsive exercise • Swollen salivary glands • Puffy cheeks • Broken blood vessels in the eyes Rotting teeth • Disappearance of food Some common signs of Bulimia

Physical Complications of Bulimia Tooth decay. Dehydration. Stomach & intestinal ulcers. Inflammation & rupture of the esophagus. Irregular or slow heartbeat. Heart failure. Erosion of dental enamel from vomiting. Swollen salivary glands. Infertility. Bulimia can do serious harm on the body

Mental Complications of Bulimia Guilt Self-Critical Mental/Emotional Distortions Feelings of being trapped by relationship with food Self-injury behavior Forced withdrawal of school or work Inability to sleep Bulimia can do serious harm on the body, physically and mentally

Binge Eating • Also called compulsive eating *different from Bulimia as it DOES NOT involve purging after eating excessive amounts Episodes of uncontrollable eating on a regular basis Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder in the United States, affecting 3.5 percent of women and 2 percent of men, according to the National Eating Disorders Association (NEDA). Binge eating/Overeating http://www.foxnews.com/health/2014/01/29/binge-eating-most-common-eating-disorder-in-us-garners-more-attention/

Causes of Binge Eating • Avoiding emotions • Eating patterns often developed from childhood • Biological (hypothalamus-fails to send message of fullness) • Complications with serotonin-plays a role in some compulsion behaviors

Symptoms of Binge Eating • Binge eating more than 2 times a week • Eating very quickly • Eating until uncomfortably full • Eating when not hungry • Eating alone (because of shame) • Feeling disgusted, guilty • Gaining excessive weight

Physical Complications of Binge Eating • Certain types of cancer • Diabetes • Gallbladder disease • High blood pressure • High cholesterol

Mental Complications of Binge Eating Certain Psychiatric illnesses: •Anxiety •Panic disorder •Depression •Alcoholism •Drug abuse

Treatment Options The most effective, long-lasting treatment for an eating disorder must be tailored to the individual. Common plans include: •Psychotherapy/Psychological counseling •Attention to medical and nutritional needs •Be attentive to the patient’s needs, strengths, and problems

Getting Help Nationally: • Eating Recovery Center (877-825-8584) • Milestones in recovery (800-347-2364) • National Eating Disorders Association hotline (800-931-2237)

Getting Help Locally: Treatment Facilities: Pawnee Mental Health Services: 785.587.4300 University Life Café: https://www.universitylifecafe.k- state.edu/search/?q=eating+disorders

Re-caption this picture . . . Let’s go back to this cartoon and your caption from the beginning of class. Would you change your caption, why or why not?

What does this video tell us about body image? A combination of society, communities, and our upbringings may make us uncomfortable in our skin.

DAY 2: Body Image in the Media Give some statistics. Just a female problem? 1 in every 100? Have students stand to represent the statistic. (These change daily, monthly, yearly) Statistics show that 1 in 10 teen girls suffer from an eating disorder; and 1 in 4 are at a dangerously high risk of developing an eating disorder or eating-disorder-like habits at some time in their young adult life. Eating disorders have also been known to effect boys, although in far fewer numbers than girls. Ask students why they think eating disorders so common in our society? Does media and social networking online effect? What messages are given in society about food and beauty? Oral discussion. Eating disorders have become a common way to control things and conform to the media and being thin and/or pretty/handsome.

Realistic? From a young age, children are exposed to distorted body images and unrealistic bodies. (picture on left, far-left barbie)Here is what barbie would look like if she was anatomically in line with the doll. In the image on the left, the barbie on the left: what Barbie would look like if her proportions were life sized. Does she look normal?

Males too More Realistic? The same goes for GI joe - do his proportions look normal? attainable? On the right, the barbie on the left is what most barbies look look. The barbie on the far right an an “averaged-bodied” barbie. Someone created a Barbie doll using average sizes and proportions of women. Which one looks more realistic?

Brochure/Flyer/Poster: Please work individually Must include: -What is the disorder? -2 statistics -2 warning signs -2 ways to get help You will be creating a brochure/flyer/poster! Discuss what could be done with them to display to others, etc. Put up around school? Hand out to peers? place for public to pick up?