Structure of the Cell or Plasma Membrane The cell membrane is like a mosaic of many parts.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Cellular Transport.
Advertisements

Membrane Transport.
Chapter 4 Notes Cell Physiology Biology Hamilton Science Department.
Outline 7-3: Cell Boundaries
Movement Through the Membrane Cell Membrane. Cell Membrane… One of the main functions of the cell membrane is to regulate what enters and leaves the cell.
7-3 Cell Boundaries Pg. 182.
Functions and Transport
7-3 Cell Boundaries.
Homeostasis and Transport
Cells and Their Environment
 Homeostasis – Process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment; All organisms have ranges that are tolerated (i.e. pH and.
Cells and Their Environment Chapter 4 Section 1. The Plasma Membrane The Plasma Membrane - Gateway to the Cell.
Homeostasis and Cell Transport
The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.
A Closer Look at Membranes Chapter 6. Cell Membrane Main Functions Controls Transport in & out of the Cell Cell membrane is selectively- permeable, meaning.
Discussion Questions – in your notes 1. Movement across a cell membrane without the input of energy is described by what term? 2. A substance moves from.
Chapter 5: Homeostasis and Transport
Types of Transport Review. The movement of particles against the direction of diffusion requiring cell energy. ACTIVE TRANSPORT.
The Cell Membrane 1 Gateway Across the Cell. Functions of Plasma Membrane 2  Protective barrier Regulate transport in & out of cell (selectively permeable)
Diffusion (passive transport) Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.
Getting In & Out of a Cell Osmosis & Diffusion Getting In & Out of a Cell Osmosis & Diffusion.
Unit 4: Cells Learning Goal D: Explain how the structure of the cell membrane relates to how materials are transported through it and identify those modes.
Types of Transport Across Cell Membranes 1. Passive Transport.
 Homeostasis – Process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment; All organisms have ranges that are tolerated (i.e. pH and.
Cell Boundaries and Movement
Cell Membrane What is it? – Barrier that separates cell from external environment – Composed of two phospholipid layers Other molecules are embedded in.
 Homeostasis – Process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment; All organisms have ranges that are tolerated (i.e. pH and.
Passive vs Active Transport Osmosis, Diffusion, and Energy.
Biology.  Cell Membranes and Homeostasis  Passive Transport Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion Osmosis  Active Transport Molecular Transport Bulk Transport.
Chapter 7.3: Moving Materials Into and Out of Cells.
Cell Processes Transport. I. Transport Cell Membrane helps maintain homeostasis by regulating what substances enter and leave the cell.
 Cell transport is the movement of particles and it takes place because cells are trying to maintain balance (homeostasis).
Chapter 7 Section 3: Cell Boundaries. Cell Membrane Regulates what enters and leaves the cell. Provides protection and support.
7-3 Cell Boundaries YOU WILL LEARN: What are the main functions of the cell membrane and the cell wall? What is Passive Transport? –Diffusion, osmosis.
CELL MEMBRANE OBJ: Describe the structure and function of the cell membrane according to the fluid mosaic model.
Homeostasis & Transport
Cell TRANSPORT SB1d. Explain homeostasis and describe the movement of materials through the cell membrane. Explain the impact of water on life processes.
Essential Standard Bio.1.2 Analyze the cell as a living system.
Mitochondria Have their own DNA Bound by double membrane.
Essential Standard Bio.1.2 Analyze the cell as a living system.
Cellular Transport Across the Membrane
Cells Active & Passive transport.
Cell Transport.
The Cell Membrane Lipids Proteins Also called the plasma membrane.
Structure of the Cell Membrane
Cell Transport.
Cell Transport TSW compare and contrast the various methods molecules move across the cell membrane.
Cell Membranes Cell and organelle membranes are made of two layers - lipid bilayers.
Cell Transport.
Cellular Membrane Notes
Membrane Transport.
Passive transport movement of molecules across the cell membrane without an input of energy by the cell Diffusion movement of molecules from an area of.
Cell Membrane.
Movement Through the Cell Membrane
Cell Boundaries.
Membrane Structure and Transport
Chapter 7.3 Cell Membrane and Cell Transport
Cell Boundaries.
Topic 4 Membrane transport.
Chapter 5 Table of Contents Section 1 Passive Transport
Cellular transport How are cells able to control what enters and what leaves the cell while maintaining homeostasis?
In da Club (~11 min) Cell Transport In da Club (~11 min)
Homeostasis & Transport
Cell Transport Notes.
BELLWORK What are the three organelles that only plants have?
Cell Boundaries Chapter 7.
Movement Across Membranes
Ch. 7-3 Cell Boundaries Notes.
Cell Transport Chapter 7, section 3
Presentation transcript:

Structure of the Cell or Plasma Membrane

The cell membrane is like a mosaic of many parts

Structure of the Cell or Plasma Membrane The cell membrane is like a mosaic of many parts It is made of a layer of studded with.

Structure of the Cell or Plasma Membrane The cell membrane is like a mosaic of many parts It is made of a double (bi-) layer of studded with.

Structure of the Cell or Plasma Membrane The cell membrane is like a mosaic of many parts It is made of a double (bi-) layer of phospholipids studded with.

Structure of the Cell or Plasma Membrane The cell membrane is like a mosaic of many parts It is made of a double (bi-) layer of phospholipids studded with proteins.

Structure of the Cell or Plasma Membrane The cell membrane is like a mosaic of many parts It is made of a double (bi-) layer of phospholipids studded with proteins. Why are membranes made of two layers of phospholipids?

Structure of the Cell or Plasma Membrane The cell membrane is like a mosaic of many parts It is made of a double (bi-) layer of phospholipids studded with proteins. Why are membranes made of two layers of phospholipids? The two layers create a strong but flexible layer protecting the cell. The fatty inside of the membrane prevents many substances from entering or leaving the cell uncontrollably.

Selectively Permeable Cell Membrane The plasma membrane is selectively permeable meaning that

Selectively Permeable Cell Membrane The plasma membrane is selectively permeable meaning that only some things can go through.

Selectively Permeable Cell Membrane The plasma membrane is selectively permeable meaning that only some things can go through. Called a fluid mosaic model because it has many different parts to allow molecules through

Selectively Permeable Cell Membrane The plasma membrane is selectively permeable meaning that only some things can go through. Called a fluid mosaic model because it has many different parts to allow molecules through A substance’s ability to pass through the membrane depends on its and.

Selectively Permeable Cell Membrane The plasma membrane is selectively permeable meaning that only some things can go through. Called a fluid mosaic model because it has many different parts to allow molecules through A substance’s ability to pass through the membrane depends on its size and.

Selectively Permeable Cell Membrane The plasma membrane is selectively permeable meaning that only some things can go through. Called a fluid mosaic model because it has many different parts to allow molecules through A substance’s ability to pass through the membrane depends on its size and charge.

Selectively Permeable Cell Membrane Nonpolar molecules Small polar molecules Large polar molecules Ions O2 H20 C6H12O6 H+, Na+, Cl-

Movement of Molecules Concentration:

Movement of Molecules Concentration: The mass of a solute in a given volume of solutions (mass/volume)

Movement of Molecules Concentration: The mass of a solute in a given volume of solutions (mass/volume) Substances moves so that can be reached or when the concentration is the same across a space.

Movement of Molecules Concentration: The mass of a solute in a given volume of solutions (mass/volume) Substances moves so that equilibrium can be reached or when the concentration is the same across a space.

Movement of Molecules Concentration: The mass of a solute in a given volume of solutions (mass/volume) Substances moves so that equilibrium can be reached or when the concentration is the same across a space. Concentration gradient:

Movement of Molecules Concentration: The mass of a solute in a given volume of solutions (mass/volume) Substances moves so that equilibrium can be reached or when the concentration is the same across a space. Concentration gradient: the difference in concentration on one side of a barrier and another

Movement of Molecules A substance tends to move WITH or DOWN its concentration gradient, meaning it moves from an area where its concentration is to an area where its concentration is, until equilibrium is achieved.

Movement of Molecules A substance tends to move WITH or DOWN its concentration gradient, meaning it moves from an area where its concentration is high to an area where its concentration is, until equilibrium is achieved.

Movement of Molecules A substance tends to move WITH or DOWN its concentration gradient, meaning it moves from an area where its concentration is high to an area where its concentration is low, until equilibrium is achieved.

Movement of Molecules A substance tends to move WITH or DOWN its concentration gradient, meaning it moves from an area where its concentration is high to an area where its concentration is low, until equilibrium is achieved.

Movement of Molecules A substance tends to move WITH or DOWN its concentration gradient, meaning it moves from an area where its concentration is high to an area where its concentration is low, until equilibrium is achieved.

Movement of Molecules A substance reluctantly moves AGAINST its concentration gradient, meaning it moves from an area where its concentration is ___ to an area where its concentration is.

Movement of Molecules A substance reluctantly moves AGAINST its concentration gradient, meaning it moves from an area where its concentration is high to an area where its concentration is.

Movement of Molecules A substance reluctantly moves AGAINST its concentration gradient, meaning it moves from an area where its concentration is low to an area where its concentration is high.

Movement of Molecules When substances move against their concentration gradients, equilibrium will NOT be reached. Substances don’t like moving that way. To coax them into moving, energy has to be used.

Review some terms: Solute:

Review some terms: Solute: a substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution

Review some terms: Solute: a substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution Solvent:

Review some terms: Solute: a substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution Solvent: substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution

Words to compare the concentrations of SOLUTES in two areas: Hypertonic:

Words to compare the concentrations of SOLUTES in two areas: Hypertonic: when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes

Words to compare the concentrations of SOLUTES in two areas: Hypertonic: when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes Hypotonic:

Words to compare the concentrations of SOLUTES in two areas: Hypertonic: when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes Hypotonic: when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes

Words to compare the concentrations of SOLUTES in two areas: Hypertonic: when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes Hypotonic: when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes Isotonic:

Words to compare the concentrations of SOLUTES in two areas: Hypertonic: when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes Hypotonic: when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes Isotonic: when the concentration of two solutions is the same

Does not require energy

Diffusion or Passive Transport Movement of materials from high concentrations ( solutions) to low concentrations ( solutions)

Diffusion or Passive Transport Movement of materials from high concentrations (hypertonic solutions) to low concentrations ( solutions)

Diffusion or Passive Transport Movement of materials from high concentrations (hypertonic solutions) to low concentrations (hypotonic solutions)

Diffusion or Passive Transport

What types of molecules can passively diffuse through the membrane and why?

Diffusion or Passive Transport What types of molecules can passively diffuse through the membrane and why? Nonpolar molecules and small polar molecules; small molecules can pass through small spaces; nonpolar molecules are not repelled and so can easily pass through.

Facilitated Diffusion Diffusion of substances across a membrane through.

Facilitated Diffusion Diffusion of substances across a membrane through protein channels.

Facilitated Diffusion Diffusion of substances across a membrane through protein channels. To facilitate means to so these molecules get help crossing the membrane through proteins.

Facilitated Diffusion Diffusion of substances across a membrane through protein channels. To facilitate means to help so these molecules get help crossing the membrane through proteins.

Facilitated Diffusion Diffusion of substances across a membrane through protein channels. To facilitate means to help so these molecules get help crossing the membrane through proteins. Protein channels can be open all of the time or gated, meaning some sort of stimulus is need to open the channel in the protein.

Facilitated Diffusion What types of molecules diffuse through protein channels and why?

Facilitated Diffusion What types of molecules diffuse through protein channels and why? Specific substances that fit the specific shape of a protein (like glucose). They need help because they are too big to pass through the membrane otherwise.

Osmosis Diffusion of water through a membrane

Osmosis Diffusion of water through a membrane Water moves from an area of water concentrations to water concentrations

Osmosis Diffusion of water through a membrane Water moves from an area of high water concentrations to low water concentrations

Osmosis Diffusion of water through a membrane Water moves from an area of high water concentrations to low water concentrations Hypertonic solutions (high solute concentration) have concentrations of water.

Osmosis Diffusion of water through a membrane Water moves from an area of high water concentrations to low water concentrations Hypertonic solutions (high solute concentration) have low concentrations of water.

Osmosis Diffusion of water through a membrane Water moves from an area of high water concentrations to low water concentrations Hypertonic solutions (high solute concentration) have low concentrations of water. Hypotonic solutions (low solute concentrations) have concentrations of water.

Osmosis Diffusion of water through a membrane Water moves from an area of high water concentrations to low water concentrations Hypertonic solutions (high solute concentration) have low concentrations of water. Hypotonic solutions (low solute concentrations) have high concentrations of water.

Osmosis Diffusion of water through a membrane Water moves from an area of high water concentrations to low water concentrations Hypertonic solutions (high solute concentration) have low concentrations of water. Hypotonic solutions (low solute concentrations) have high concentrations of water. So water moves from solutions to solutions

Osmosis Diffusion of water through a membrane Water moves from an area of high water concentrations to low water concentrations Hypertonic solutions (high solute concentration) have low concentrations of water. Hypotonic solutions (low solute concentrations) have high concentrations of water. So water moves from hypotonic solutions to solutions

Osmosis Diffusion of water through a membrane Water moves from an area of high water concentrations to low water concentrations Hypertonic solutions (high solute concentration) have low concentrations of water. Hypotonic solutions (low solute concentrations) have high concentrations of water. So water moves from hypotonic solutions to hypertonic solutions

Osmosis = solute molecule = water molecule

Osmosis in Animal and Plant Cells

Requires energy

Active Transport Movement of materials from low concentrations ( solutions) to high concentrations ( solutions).

Active Transport Movement of materials from low concentrations (hypotonic solutions) to high concentrations ( solutions).

Active Transport Movement of materials from low concentrations (hypotonic solutions) to high concentrations (hypertonic solutions).

Active Transport Movement of materials from low concentrations (hypotonic solutions) to high concentrations (hypertonic solutions). Small molecules must pass through a protein pump to enter the cell.

Active Transport Movement of materials from low concentrations (hypotonic solutions) to high concentrations (hypertonic solutions). Small molecules must pass through a protein pump to enter the cell. This process requires energy, often in the form of

Active Transport Movement of materials from low concentrations (hypotonic solutions) to high concentrations (hypertonic solutions). Small molecules must pass through a protein pump to enter the cell. This process requires energy, often in the form of ATP

Active Transport

Bulk Transport Movement of large molecules or large groups of molecules into or out of cells through vesicles. Moves molecules from low concentrations to high concentrations

Bulk Transport Endocytosis:

Bulk Transport Endocytosis: the process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings, or pockets of the cell membrane

Bulk Transport Endocytosis: the process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings, or pockets of the cell membrane Phagocytosis:

Bulk Transport Endocytosis: the process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings, or pockets of the cell membrane Phagocytosis: “cell eating;” when the cell takes in solids

Bulk Transport Endocytosis: the process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings, or pockets of the cell membrane Phagocytosis: “cell eating;” when the cell takes in solids Pinocytosis:

Bulk Transport Endocytosis: the process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings, or pockets of the cell membrane Phagocytosis: “cell eating;” when the cell takes in solids Pinocytosis: “cell drinking;” when the cell takes in liquids

Bulk Transport

Exocytosis:

Bulk Transport Exocytosis: the process of releasing material from the cell; membrane vesicle fuses with the cell membrane, forcing the contents out of the cell

Bulk Transport Exocytosis: the process of releasing material from the cell; membrane vesicle fuses with the cell membrane, forcing the contents out of the cell