Chapter 10, Section 4 The Coming of the Civil War p Abraham Lincoln’s election leads seven southern states to leave (secede from) the Union.

The Nation Divides Main Idea: The election of 1860 led to the breakup of the Union. Democratic Party splits into northern & southern sections – Stephen Douglas - Northern Democrat – “will NOT support slavery” – John C. Breckinridge - Southern Democrat – “supports slavery” Whig Party becomes Constitutional Union Party - Nominates John Bell – “heal the Union” Republicans nominate Abraham Lincoln – “Stop the spread of slavery” Stephen DouglasJohn C. Breckinridge John BellAbraham Lincoln

Democratic Party splits: – Stephen Douglas on the Northern Democratic ticket – John C. Breckinridge on the Southern Democratic ticket Whig Party becomes Constitutional Union Party (John Bell) Republicans nominate Abraham Lincoln (wins with 59% E-votes)

Election of 1860 Republicans nominate Abraham Lincoln – Opposes the SPREAD of slavery – Favors protective tariffs – Receives less than 40% of the popular vote, but wins majority (59%) of votes in Electoral College How unpopular is Lincoln in the south? His name doesn’t even appear on the ballot in most Southern states! President-elect Lincoln Feb. 23, 1861 Republican Candidate Lincoln: 1860

Southern States Secede! Lincoln’s election leads south to believe President & Congress were against them. South Carolina secedes on December 20, Lame-duck President Buchanan does nothing.

The Confederate States of America Six other states follow South Carolina to form the Confederate States of America (The C.S.A.). - Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, & Texas Confederacy meets in Alabama, forms a government, trains an army, and elects a president. All before Lincoln takes office Jefferson Davis: President of the C.S.A. (Confederate States of America) in office February 18, 1861 – May 10, 1865

The Civil War Begins Main Idea: President Lincoln’s assurances of friendship in his inaugural address are rejected by the South. At his inauguration, Lincoln makes 3 promises, trying to keep the Union together: 1.Will NOT interfere with slavery where it already exists 2.WILL enforce the Fugitive Slave Law! 3.Will NOT allow any further extension of slavery “If I could save the Union without freeing ANY slave, I would do it,…” - A. Lincoln ey.htm Lincoln’s First Inauguration: - March 4, 1861

Fort Sumter Federal fort located in the mouth of Charleston Bay, South Carolina April 12, 1861: South Carolina militia attacks! After 34 hours of bombardment the fort surrenders to the Confederacy. THE CIVIL WAR BEGINS! htm Bombardment of Fort Sumter