American History 2

Harry S. Truman Democrat‘Fair Deal’ Domestic Policies GI Bill of Rights and GI Bill “Fair Deal” Higher minimum wage More Social Security National Housing Act Civil Rights – desegregated the military Executive Order

Dwight D. Eisenhower – Republican - “I Like Ike!” Domestic Policies “Modern Republicanism” – “conservative when it comes to money and liberal when it comes to human beings” Expands Social Security Defense spending increases (Massive Retaliation) Interstate Highway System begun; symbolizes Americans’ mobility

Dwight D. Eisenhower Important movements of the time Elvis Presley, Chuck Berry, Ray Charles are new music of the era “Beat Generation” counterculture Expansion of television – “I Love Lucy,” “Leave It To Beaver,” Domestic Policies Moderate civil rights issues Sends troops to Little Rock to enforce Brown v. Board decision Signed Civil Rights Act of 1957 – set up Civil Rights Commission SCLC formed

John F. Kennedy 1961 – 1963Democrat‘New Frontier’ Domestic Policies “New Frontier”  Expands the space program, begins Apollo moon program  General expansion of government programs  Raised minimum wage  Expands military programs - “Flexible Response”

John F. Kennedy 1961 – 1963Democrat‘New Frontier’ Domestic Policies Civil Rights  Sit-ins at lunch counters  Federal troops to Alabama and Mississippi universities  March on Washington Supreme Court, under Chief Justice Earl Warren, expands rights for criminal defendants Assassinated on Nov. 22,1963 in Dallas, TX [supposedly?] by Lee Harvey Oswald

Lyndon B. Johnson Democrat Great Society Domestic Policies “Great Society” programs - largest expansion of federal programs since New Deal o “War on Poverty” o Medicare o Medicaid o Aid to Education

Lyndon B. Johnson Democrat Great Society Civil Rights: Civil Rights Acts of 1964, 1965 and 1968 Voting Rights Act of 1965 Martin Luther King, Jr. and “direct action” - Birmingham, Selma, Memphis Urban Riots “Two Americas” Affluent and middle class Inner-city poverty

Richard Nixon ( ) Republican DOMESTIC POLICY Pentagon Papers Watergate Scandal Nixon’s administration was involved in burglary and wiretapping of the Democratic Party Headquarters Energy crisis He was almost impeached, but he resigned before the process could be completed Moon landing, 1969 Formation of the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) FOREIGN POLICY Visit to China Visit to the Soviet Union Began removal of troops from Vietnam

Gerald Ford (1974 – 77) Republican Nixon’s vice-president He fell a lot… Final withdrawal of troops from Vietnam stagflation

Jimmy Carter (1977 – 1981) Democrat Iran Hostage Crisis Takeover of US Embassy by Islamist Iranians 462 days – hostages released on day of inauguration Camp David Peace Accords – Egypt/Israel

Ronald Reagan (1981 – 1989) Republican ‘supply side economics’/’Reaganomics’ Lowering taxes & decreasing gov’t regulation of business, banking, & production ‘trickle-down economics’ Cut social programs Conservative ‘Reagan Revolution’ Appealed to the wealthy AND religious evangelical conservatives for support

George H.W. Bush ( ) Republican Fall of the Berlin Wall Operation Desert Storm (Invasion of Kuwait/Iraq) Invasion of Panama (Manuel Noriega)

Bill Clinton ( ) Democrat Middle East Peace Accords (Israel/Palestine) Impeachment (Monica Lewinsky sex scandal) Economic reform and growth

George W. Bush ( ) Republican Bush vs. Gore (election of 2000) – recall of FL votes. September 11, 2001 Terrorist attacks – NY, Washington D.C., Pennsylvania Department of Homeland Security Patriot Act War in Iraq War on Terror

Barack Obama (2009- ) Democrat 1 st African American president/president of color Economic recession Removed troops from Iraq Affordable health care (Obamacare)