Internet2 Ann O’Beay Director, Corporate Relations British Telecommunications PLC 26/27 October 1998

Topics  History  Organization  Applications  Engineering  International Efforts

History

 ARPAnet origins with Defense Dept.  NSFnet-National Science Foundation Research and development cycle Privatization in 1995  Higher ed planning in 1995/1996 Are our research and education needs being met by today’s internet? If not, what should we do?

History, cont.  October 1996 I2 organizing meeting 34 institutions in attendance; all 34 signed up  Membership commitment $25,000/year in membership dues I2 connectivity and campus upgrades

Organization

UCAID Mission  Provide leadership and direction for advanced networking development within the university community

Organization  University presidents/chancellors are voting representatives for regular members/member dues income base  Structured as an agile organization capable of responding to rapid change.  4 Councils with Board seats Applications/Policy Operations/Network Research/Industry Council

Activities  Internet2 Project  Abilene Project  Member Services Network Operations/Consulting  Community Development Workshops/Demonstrations  Base for development of other advanced network projects

Internet2 Mission Facilitate and coordinate the development, deployment, operation and technology transfer of advanced, network-based applications and network services to further research and higher education and accelerate the availability of new services and applications on the Internet.

Internet2 Goals  Enable new generation of applications  Re-create leading edge R&E network capability  Transfer capability to the global production Internet

Internet2 Member Universities 132 Members as of October 1998 Hawaii

Membership  132 university members  20 affiliate members  44 corporate members

Current Priorities  Establish backbone connectivity  Facilitate middleware implementation  Support network research  Identify and develop first phase applications  Build international collaboration opportunities

Board of Trustees  David Ward, Chair (UW-Madison)  Henry Bienen (Northwestern)  William Bowen (Mellon Foundation)  Molly Corbett Broad (UNC)  Larry Faulkner (UT-Austin)  Steven Sample (USC)  Graham Spanier (Penn State)

Board, cont.  Gary Augustson (Penn State, Network Planning and Policy)  Tom DeFanti (UI-Chicago, Applications Strategy)  Larry Landweber (UW-Madison, Network Research Liaison)  Doug Van Houweling (CEO)

Internet2/NGI Relationship  Separate but interdependent  U.S. Next Generation Internet Led by Federal government Focused on Federal agency needs  Internet2 Led by higher education Focused on research and education needs

Internet2/NGI, cont.  Cooperate on connectivity NSF High Performance Connection Grants (100 institutions connected at speeds 100 times faster than today) 

Applications

Internet2 Applications  What are “I2 applications”?  They deliver qualitative and quantitative improvements in how we conduct research and engage in teaching and learning  They require advanced networks to work

Different Disciplines/Contexts  Sciences  Arts  Humanities  Health care  Business/Law  Administration  …  Instruction  Collaboration  Streaming video  Distributed computation  Data mining  Virtual reality  Digital libraries  …

Application Attributes  Interactive research collaboration and instruction  Real-time access to remote scientific instruments

Attributes, cont.  Large-scale, multi- site computation and database processing  Shared virtual reality  Any combination of the above

Variations/Music Archives Indiana University

American Sign Language and English Captions Gallaudet University

Upper Atmospheric Research Collaboratory University of Michigan

Remote Scanning Electron Microscope University of Michigan

Philips XL30

Globally Interconnected Object Databases California Institute of Technology

Second Web National Center for Atmospheric Research

Cyclone Visualization

3D Brain Mapping: “Watching the Brain in Action” University of Pittsburgh Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center

Shared Virtual Environment Ohio Supercomputer Center Ohio State University

Real-Time Remote Surgical Collaboration Ohio State University

Tele-immersion University of Illinois-Chicago University of Illinois-NCSA Old Dominion University

The CAVE Source: University of Illinois-Chicago

Chesapeake Bay Simulation Source: Old Dominion University and University of Illinois-Chicago

Engaging Developers  Outreach Go to faculty on campus and at discipline meetings See apps.internet2.edu/i2-day.html  Educating about development issues Portability, interoperability, scaling,... Adaptive apps, multicast, QoS, … E.g., see dast.nlanr.net/

I2 Middleware Initiative

Middleware Challenges  Identify technologies that are scalable, interoperable, and with standard APIs  Increase deployment of middleware technologies as part of a pre- competitive production environment

Challenges, cont.  Network-aware applications How do we create adaptive applications that adjust functionality gracefully as network conditions change? How do applications know they’re getting the requested service levels?

Applications: Horizontal, Vertical, Spot Solutions Middleware: Security, Directory, Quality of Service, Audio/Video Frameworks, Accounting, Collaboration Frameworks, Multicast Operating system and network services Standard APIs Interoperable Protocols

Technology Scope  Emphasis is on technologies that enable developing and deploying advanced research and education applications across our institutions

Technology Scope  QoS  Digital video/audio  Security  Collaboration  Directories  Multicast  File systems  Measurement  Remote instruments  IMS  Transaction systems  Meta-computing  Management  IP telephony  Accounting/billing  E-commerce  Object brokers  Search mechanisms  Printing

Initiative Overview  Deliverables Identification of a small number of key community projects Information dissemination Demos Workshops

Principles  Focus on problems where we have a unique incentive to solve the benefit to our community is clear and compelling results are attainable in a reasonable timeframe

I2-Digital Video Network

Ubiquitous Digital Video  Scalable and easy to use  Integrated into applications  Streaming and interactive  Real-time and asynchronous (stored)  Unicast and native multicast  Single source to multi-source  Resolutions up to HDTV

Distributed Storage Initiative

Objective  Develop and deploy a reliable, scalable, high performance network storage capability enabling broad access to stored video, very large data sets, etc.

Advanced Internet Benefits  Richer content through higher bandwidth Video, audio Virtual reality Dynamic not static  More interactivity via minimal delay  Reliable content delivery through quality of service model

Content Opportunities  Licensed educational materials  Copyright-expired audio/video works  Sensor data  Financial data  “Brown bag channel”

Engineering

 Deploy a production network for applications R&D  Establish quality of service Allow applications to request and receive performance attributes Engineering Objectives

Objectives, cont.  Support native multicast Deliver lots of information efficiently to lots of people  Establish GigaPoPs as effective service points

Working Groups  Multicast  Topology  Routing  Measurement  Security  Quality of Service  IPv6  Network Management

I2 Interconnect Cloud GigaPoP One GigaPoP Four GigaPoP Two GigaPoP Three “Gigabit capacity point of presence” an aggregation point for regional connectivity Network Architecture vBNS: OC-12 ATM-based Abilene: OC-48 (-> OC-192) IP over SONET I2 Interconnect Cloud

Interconnect  Today we use the vBNS (very high speed backbone network service) Five year ( ) cooperative agreement between the NSF and MCI Currently operating at OC12 (622 mbps)  The vBNS peers with other federally sponsored networks  Now joined by Abilene Network

GigaPoPs  Variety of services and styles Technical and organizational differences Mixture of technologies  Some things must be the same IP as common bearer service Inter-GigaPoP routing policy and design Measurement Trouble tickets among network operations centers

Abilene GigaPoP

GigaPoPs, cont. GigaPoP One I2 interconnect University A University BUniversity C Regional Network Commodity Internet connections

Internet2 GigaPoPs

Abilene Network

vBNS & Abilene  Leading edge connectivity for Internet2  Speeds ranging from 60 million to 1 billion characters/second  very high performance Backbone Network Service (vBNS) -- sponsored by NSF and MCI  Abilene sponsored by the University Corporation for Advanced Internet Development, with support from Qwest, Nortel, and Cisco

Abilene Announced 14 April

Abilene Objectives  High availability backbone network for advanced research applications  Separate network to test advanced network capabilities  Separate network to do network research

Project Team  Overall direction by UCAID  Qwest Corporation  Nortel (Northern Telecom)  Cisco Systems  Open to other contributors  Collaborate with related efforts in network or applications research

Abilene Characteristics  2.4 gbps (OC48) among gigaPoPs, increasing to 9.6 gbps (OC192)  Connections at 622 (OC12) or 155 mbps (OC3)  IP over Sonet technology  Access PoPs very close to almost all of the anticipated university GigaPoPs

Abilene and other networks  UCAID supports member access to other advanced networks  Important for Abilene to interconnect with other high performance networks vBNS, Government Agency networks Collaborate to provide QoS across multiple interconnected networks Peering plans in process Outside of North America

Schedule  Set of members with full access to Abilene by January 1 st, 1999  Bring other members online as mutually planned  Nov-Dec 1998 is “pre-production” mode Some or all of the initial members attached

Abilene Schedule  Fall ’98: demos and pre-production  Initial group connected by Jan ’99  Others as mutually planned in ’99

Connecting to Abilene  Many physical points of access  Initially at 622 or 155 mbits/sec  Contract in advance when to start  Cost recovery fee for each year’s access  Final cost depends on number of contracts  Members responsible for own access paths

Abilene Network Seattle Los Angeles Sacramento Kansas City Denver Cleveland New York Atlanta Houston Pittsburgh Minneapolis Columbus Washington Phoenix Raleigh Oakland Anaheim Trent on Salt Lake City Wilmington Dallas Eugene New Orleans Lincoln New Haven Detroit Miami Westfield Nashville Philadelp hia Indianapolis Access NodeRouter Node Abilene Albuquerque Oklahoma City Planned 1999 Newar k 33 Total Access Points 1999 Peering Point - NGIX

Kansas City Denver Cleveland New York Atlanta Houston Pittsburgh Minneapolis Columbus Washington Phoenix Raleigh Trent on Salt Lake City Wilmington Dallas New Orleans Lincoln New Haven Detroit Miami Westfield Nashville Philadelp hia Indianapolis Newar k UW Pacific North West Great Plains MREN Texas One Net Directly Connected Participant MAGPI Pittsburgh (CMU) MERITMAX MCNC Abilene GigaPoPs CENIC OARnet Westnet Albuquerque Oklahoma City GigaPop Connected Participant Any color 1999 Network - All Participants Access NodeRouter Node Abilene Network Sacramento Oakland Eugene Los Angeles Anaheim 33 Total Access Points Serving 64 Members Seattle

Raleigh Work Room

Abilene - a tremendous opportunity  High performance backbone network advanced applications research advanced network design research  At a reasonable cost  Increasing diversity of advanced networks AND  Stimulate industry to commercialize the results

For UCAID Members  Involvement in the decisions  Responsive to continuing needs  Driven by member research with the  Potential for increasing connectivity for all UCAID university members wanting to participate in Research Goals.

Corporate Collaboration  Engaging in working groups, workshops, collaborative activities with university members  Strategic focus and technology transfer  Market making impact  Additional projects

UCAID/I2 Corporate Partners  3Com  Advanced Network & Services, Inc.  AT&T  Cisco Systems  FORE Systems.  IBM  3Com  Advanced Network & Services, Inc.  AT&T  Cisco Systems  FORE Systems.  IBM  Lucent Technologies  MCI WorldCom  Newbridge Networks  Nortel Networks  Qwest Communications  StarBurst Communcations  Lucent Technologies  MCI WorldCom  Newbridge Networks  Nortel Networks  Qwest Communications  StarBurst Communcations

UCAID/I2 Corporate Sponsors  Bell South  Packet Engines  SBC Technology Resources  StorageTek  Torrent Technologies

UCAID/I2 Corporate Members  Alcatel  Ameritech  Apple  AppliedTheory Communications, Inc.  Bell Atlantic  Bellcore  British Telecommunications PLC  Alcatel  Ameritech  Apple  AppliedTheory Communications, Inc.  Bell Atlantic  Bellcore  British Telecommunications PLC  Compaq  Deutsche Telekom  Fujitsu Laboratories of America  GTE Internetworking  Hitachi Computer Products (America), Inc.  IXC Communications  KDD  Compaq  Deutsche Telekom  Fujitsu Laboratories of America  GTE Internetworking  Hitachi Computer Products (America), Inc.  IXC Communications  KDD

UCAID/I2 Corporate Members  Nexabit Networks  Nokia Research Center  Novell  Pacific Bell  R.R. Donnelley  Siemens  Sprint  Nexabit Networks  Nokia Research Center  Novell  Pacific Bell  R.R. Donnelley  Siemens  Sprint  Sun Microsystems  Sylvan Learning  TeleBeam, Inc.  Teleglobe Communications Corporation  Williams Communications Group  Sun Microsystems  Sylvan Learning  TeleBeam, Inc.  Teleglobe Communications Corporation  Williams Communications Group

UCAID/Internet2/Abilene and International Relations  Enable collaboration between researchers within and beyond the US that pushes the state of advanced networking technology and applications development.  Form mutually beneficial bilateral relationships with initiatives similar (in goals, scope) to UCAID, Internet2 and Abilene outside the US.

International Collaboration Focus  UCAID Board and management exploring best policies and options to achieve this.  MOU signed by UCAID and CANARIE (Canadian Advanced Research and Education Network) a possible model  Advanced, pre-commercial networks and revolutionary technologies

International Opportunities

International Efforts  Focus on researcher partnerships working on advanced applications  Cooperate on QoS, etc. to maintain global interoperability  Use STARTAP (Science, Technology, and Research Transit Access Point) for connectivity

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