RESEARCH TIPS & TOOLS GIVING CREDIT WHERE CREDIT IS DUE

What we’ll cover: Writing Assignments 101 Writing Assignments 101 The Rules of Academia The Rules of Academia Bibliography: What Is It? Bibliography: What Is It? “How-To” “How-To” Parenthetical Documentation Parenthetical Documentation Your Final Product Your Final Product Alternatives & Support Resources Alternatives & Support Resources

WRITING ASSIGNMENTS 101

PERSONAL ESSAYS Some assignments require you to write about your own personal feelings, opinions, or experiences. In this type of assignment, your ideas come from YOU, not a book.

RESEARCH ASSIGNMENTS Sometimes you are asked to research and write about a subject with which you are unfamiliar.

RESEARCH ASSIGNMENTS You will need to gather information from a variety of outside sources. Your paper may include your own conclusions about the topic, based on your research.

The Rules of Academia

You must give credit to the authors of your information sources. If you do not list your sources, you will appear to be trying to pass off someone else’s ideas as your own, which is…

PLAGIARISM

BIBLIOGRAPHY: WHAT IS IT? A bibliography is an alphabetized list of information sources about a topic. bibliography A works cited list is used in a formal academic research paper and lists all of the sources that are actually cited in the body of the paper. works cited works cited

Different bibliography styles are used for different purposes. Check with your teacher to be sure which style is required. Most Sahuaro teachers use the MLA (Modern Language Association) style. The library provides an MLA Format Guide.MLA Format Guide.

“HOW-TO” First Example: A BOOK 1. Use your Guide to identify what information you need. 2. Get your information from the book’s title page.

Make corrections: Houle, Michelle. Immigration. San Diego/Detroit/New York…: Greenhaven Press, 2004

Correct form: Houle, Michelle E., ed. Immigration. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2004.

“HOW-TO” Second Example: EBSCO resources 1. Use your Guide to identify what information you need. 2. Get your information from this EBSCO magazine article. this

Make corrections: Sean McCollum. “Mall Curfews: Teen Discrimination? Literary Cavalcade Jan MAS Ultra – School Edition EBSCOhost. Saguaro High School Lib. 16 December

Correct form: McCollum, Sean. “Mall Curfews: Teen Discrimination?” Literary Cavalcade Jan 2005: MAS Ultra – School Edition. EBSCOhost. Sahuaro High School Lib. 16 December

Newspaper article example: Carter, Marilyn. “Where the Heart Is.” Arizona Daily Star 28 Apr. 2005, Sunday ed.: B12. Same article, taken from EBSCO: Carter, Marilyn. “Where the Heart Is.” Arizona Daily Star 28 Apr. 2005, Sunday ed.: B12. MAS Ultra – School Edition. EBSCOhost. Sahuaro High School Lib. 16 December

Book example: Travis, George. State Songs. Vero Beach, Florida: Rourke Publishing, Same book, taken from EBSCO: Travis, George. State Songs. Vero Beach, Florida: Rourke Publishing, MAS Ultra – School Edition. EBSCOhost. Sahuaro High School Lib. 16 December

FOR EBSCO RESOURCES: You will simply add the EBSCO information to the end of the standard bibliography format for the type of resource that EBSCO provides. You will simply add the EBSCO information to the end of the standard bibliography format for the type of resource that EBSCO provides.

“HOW-TO” Third Example: Internet sites – Personal Web Page 1. Use your Guide to identify what information you need. 2. Get your information from this website. this

Make corrections: Kathleen Schrock. Kathy Schrock’s Guide for Educators. 16 December ide/.

Correct form: Schrock, Kathleen. Kathy Schrock’s Guide for Educators. 1 June January uide/ uide/

Citing sites can be exciting! …and frustrating If you can not find some information that is needed, cite what is available. If you can not find some information that is needed, cite what is available. You should begin to question the reliability of a source if very little information is given about where, when, & whom it came from. You should begin to question the reliability of a source if very little information is given about where, when, & whom it came from.

“HOW-TO” Fourth Example Internet sites – Citing an entire site 1. Use your Guide to identify what information you need. 2. Get your information from this website. website

Make corrections: Biography for Johnny Depp Internet Movie Database, Inc. 19 January /biohttp://us.imdb.com/name/nm /bio

No corrections! We made a logical choice for title. We made a logical choice for title. No editor was given. No editor was given. We used the information available for copyright and last update. We used the information available for copyright and last update. We cited what we could!

PARENTHETICAL DOCUMENTATION You should credit the source of each quotation, paraphrase, or summary you utilize within the text of your report. Use parentheses to cite the work that you have used information from. Example

Examples: Quotations: Quotations: WITHIN TEXT OF REPORT One author called the intersection of language and culture “languaculture” (Agar 60). WORKS CITED LIST Agar, Michael. Language Shock. New York: Morrow, 1994.

Paraphrases and summaries Paraphrases and summaries WITHIN TEXT OF REPORT As Wendy Martin has suggested, Emily Dickinson firmly believed that we cannot fully comprehend life unless we also understand death (625). WORKS CITED LIST Martin, Wendy. Emily Dickinson. New York: Columbia Press, 1988.

PARENTHETICAL DOCUMENTATION TIPS * Common knowledge does not need to be cited. * Cite the sources of information you use that are someone else’s ideas. * If you are not sure if you need to cite something – cite it! *Click here for parenthetical documentation format and guidelines. Click here for parenthetical documentation format and guidelinesClick here for parenthetical documentation format and guidelines

YOUR FINAL PRODUCT Checklist for writing your bibliography or works cited page. List sources in ABC order based on first letter in each entry. Omit the, an, and a as first words. List sources in ABC order based on first letter in each entry. Omit the, an, and a as first words. Double space. Double space. Indent the second line by 5 spaces. (tab) Indent the second line by 5 spaces. (tab) Check for correct punctuation, underlining and quotation marks. Check for correct punctuation, underlining and quotation marks. Center the title “Works Cited” at the top. Center the title “Works Cited” at the top.

WORKS CITED Biography for Johnny Depp Internet Movie Database, Inc. 11 November Houle, Michelle E., ed. Immigration. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, McCollum, Sean. “Mall Curfews: Teen Discrimination?” Literary Cavalcade Jan 2005: MAS Ultra – School Edition. EBSCOhost. Sahuaro High School Lib. 16 December Schrock, Kathleen. Kathy Schrock’s Guide for Educators. 1 June December

ALTERNATIVES & SUPPORT SERVICES Citation Machine: Free, electronic citation machine. Check for accuracy. Citation Machine: Free, electronic citation machine. Check for accuracy. Citation Machine Citation Machine Easy Bib: Subscription bibliography service for a reasonable price per year. Easy Bib: Subscription bibliography service for a reasonable price per year. Easy Bib Easy Bib MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers Ask your librarian! Use library webpage. Ask your librarian! Use library webpage. webpage.

BIBLIOGRAPHY Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. New York: The Modern Language Association, Language Network. Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 1997.