BELL WORK Do you know anyone with diabetes? What changes do you think you would need to make if your life if you had diabetes?

NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES DIABETES AND ARTHRITIS

OBJECTIVES  describe the different types of diabetes.  identify different types of arthritis.  explain how to manage diabetes and arthritis.

DIABETES People who have diabetes are referred to as diabetics. diabetes A disease that prevents the body from converting food into energy

DIABETES Diabetics’ bodies do not produce or properly use insulin. insulin A protein made in the pancreases that regulates the level of glucose in the blood Your body uses insulin to convert the food you eat into the energy that your body’s cells need.

DIABETES Your body breaks down food into glucose, a simple sugar. The pancreas releases insulin, which allows glucose from the blood to enter cells throughout the body. Diabetics either do not produce enough natural insulin, or cannot properly use their insulin to move glucose into their cells.

TYPE 1 Type 1 diabetes often starts in childhood. Type 1 diabetes A condition in which the immune system attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas

TYPE 1 When the cells that produce insulin are killed, the body cannot control how much glucose is in the bloodstream.

TYPE 2 Type 2 diabetes usually starts in adulthood, but it is becoming more and more common among children and teens. Type 2 diabetes A condition in which the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces

TYPE 2 Obese people and physically inactive people are especially at risk for developing type 2 diabetes.

MANAGING DIABETES People with Type 1 diabetes usually need to regularly inject insulin into their bodies. Or, they may receive insulin from a pump attached to their bodies.

MANAGING DIABETES People with Type 2 may also need insulin or other medications. People with either type of diabetes can help control their disease by making healthy food choices, managing their weight, and becoming physically active.

ARTHRITIS More than 40 million people in the United States have arthritis. arthritis A disease of the joints marked by painful swelling and stiffness This disease is usually linked to older adults, but even children can get arthritis.

OSTEOARTHRITIS Osteoarthritis most often affects the knees and hips. osteoarthritis A chronic disease that results from a breakdown in cartilage in the joints When cartilage wears down, the bones in the joints rub against each other, causing pain in the joint, swelling, and morning stiffness.

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS Rheumatoid arthritis develops when the immune system attacks healthy joint tissue. rheumatoid arthritis A chronic disease characterized by pain, inflammation, swelling, and stiffness of the joints The joints affected by this disease often become deformed and no longer function normally.

MANAGING ARTHRITIS Physical Activity and Rest A Balanced Eating Plan Joint Protection Heat and Cold Treatments MedicationMassage Surgery and Joint Replacement