성균관 대학교 의과대학 G2 PBL 손의영 Tutor : 최필조 교수님

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Presentation transcript:

성균관 대학교 의과대학 G2 PBL 2007313075 손의영 Tutor : 최필조 교수님 운동기학 HCP#1 이관절 성균관 대학교 의과대학 G2 PBL 2007313075 손의영 Tutor : 최필조 교수님

Contents Radiography for Knee pain Clinical Rheumatoid Arthritis Osteoarthritis Radiology Case Relevance

Radiography for Knee pain

Radiography for Knee pain - STANDARD AP weight-bearing View Lateral View Merchant View

AP View Antero-Posterior, Frontal View OA 뿐 아니라 Knee pain 시 Routine 하게 찍는 편 임상소견과 이미지소견이 꼭 일치하는 것은 아님!! Bipartite patella or Patella fracture 관찰 가능 25/M Normal 50/M Knee Pain Dx. OA 오른쪽 그림 medial space의 joint narrowing, osteophyte 출처 : 서울대병원 진방과

AP View Anatomy 큰 Tibia와 작은 Fibula의 위치를 통해 왼쪽인지 오른쪽인지 감을 잡고 (오른쪽) Lat. 과 Med. 방향을 파악 Patella는 마음의 눈으로 봐야 한다. Articular surface의 간격이 적절한지, symmetric한지 살핀다

Lateral View Evaluate Loose body & Patella alta & baja Abnormaly high Low Evaluate Loose body & Patella alta & baja Sup. & Inf. Osteophyte / Trochlear depth 단점 : Inter-observer reliability Practical Orthopaedic Sports Medicine & Arthroscopy 1st Edition © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Lateral View Anatomy Patella를 직접 볼 수 있다는 것이 AP와 비교해서 큰 차이점

Merchant View 이렇게 찍습니다, 무릎을 45도 굽히고 수평에서 30도 밑으로 꺾은 촬영기계가 Patella와 Femur 위주로 나오도록 Practical Orthopaedic Sports Medicine & Arthroscopy 1st Edition © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Merchant View Patello-Femoral Components 와 Patella 관찰 Evaluate for Patella alignment Practical Orthopaedic Sports Medicine & Arthroscopy 1st Edition © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Merchant View – Patella Alignment 평가하기 From : Sulcus와 condyle 을 연결한 선을 그어서 이등분 선을 만든다 To : Patella의 central ridge와 연결한 선  Med. OR Lat. ?? Lat. 이 심할 수록 Alignment가 많이 망가졌다고 볼 수 있다. Mild malalignment Practical Orthopaedic Sports Medicine & Arthroscopy 1st Edition © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Patella Malalignment <BEFORE> <AFTER Surgery> Copyright © 2010 UW-Eau Claire and the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System

Patella Malalignment <BEFORE> <AFTER Surgery(Rt)> Copyright © 2010 UW-Eau Claire and the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System

Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis Radiology

Degenerative Joint Disease – OA Imbalance between force across a joint and integrity of articular cartilage matrix Systemic factors: age, obesity, occupation, activity, inactivity, metabolic Local factors: trauma, malalignment, congenital or acquired articular deformity, infection, RA, crystal deposition disease

Osteoarthritis Stressed segment (hip– superior, knee- medial compartment) Asymmetric joint space loss Subchondral sclerosis Subchondral cyst Unstressed segment Marginal bony spur formation (osteophyte) 초기에는 정상일 수 있다. 이미지상 중증도와 증상의 중증도가 일치하지는 않는다. MRI, US 는 진단적 가치가 탁월하다? 하얗게 보이겠네 골극, 뼈돌기 No!

Osteoarthritis

Rheumatoid Arthritis 40-50 세, M < F, RF (+) Synovial proliferation, Pannus formation Bilateral symmetric involvements Begin in small peripheral joints (hands, feet) & C-spine, knees, hips, shoulder, elbows MCP, PIP & carpal joints, 4th & 5th MTP

Rheumatoid Arthritis Early changes Late changes Soft tissue swelling Synovial inflamation Periarticular osteopenia Increased vascularity Increased turn-over Marginal erosion Pannus formation Late changes Diffuse osteoporosis Symmetrical joint space narrowing Cartilage destruction Subchondral cyst Subchondral bone destruction Subluxation Periarticular ligamentous structure destruction Fibrous/bony ankylosis

Periarticular osteopenia Rheumatoid Arthritis Early changes Soft tissue swelling Periarticular osteopenia Marginal bony erosion

Rheumatoid Arthritis Late changes Subchondral cyst Subluxation

Rheumatoid Arthritis 여기서 훼이크 한번 쓰자 Symmetric joint space narrowing

Case relevance

Asymmetric joint space loss Case Relevance – X-ray Fig1. Standing AP view Lat. : Unstressed Med. : Stressed Asymmetric joint space loss Asymmetric joint space loss

Subchondral sclerosis Case Relevance – X-ray Fig2. Lateral View Osteophyte?? Subchondral sclerosis Extension한 상태라 Patella Alta의 여부는 알 수 없음. 45도 정도 Flexion한 상태에서 Patella길이(PL)와 / Patella Tendon의 길이(TL) 의 길이의 비가 1.2 이하가 정상이고 그 이상이면 Patella가 심하게 올라가 있는 현상인 Patella Alta(슬개 고위)로 봄 Osteophyte는 잘 안 보임 모르겠음, 헷갈림

Case Relevance – X-ray Fig3. Rt. Weight-bearing View More Stressed

Case Relevance – X-ray Fig4. Merchant View 왼쪽도 Mild malalignment

Reference Harrison's Principle on Internal Medicine, 17th ed., McGraw Hill Inc., 2008 Practical Orthopaedic Sports Medicine & Arthroscopy 1st Edition © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Copyright © 2010 UW-Eau Claire and the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System 윤영철 교수님 강의록 ‘관절염의 영상의학적 소견’ 해리슨이 맨 처음에 나와있긴 하지만 merchant view 같이 실질적인 정보는 오히려 스포츠의학 문헌에서 얻어온게 많습니다. 자료 찾을 때 참고하시길 바랍니다.