1 On viscosity of Quark Gluon Plasma Defu Hou CCNU, Wuhan RHIC-Star full TOF detector and related physics in China Hangzhou April 27-29.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Summing planar diagrams
Advertisements

Supported by DOE 11/22/2011 QGP viscosity at RHIC and LHC energies 1 Huichao Song 宋慧超 Seminar at the Interdisciplinary Center for Theoretical Study, USTC.
Effects of Bulk Viscosity on p T -Spectra and Elliptic Flow Parameter Akihiko Monnai Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Japan Collaborator:
Transport coefficients from string theory: an update Andrei Starinets Perimeter Institute Wien 2005 workshop.
3rd International Workshop On High Energy Physics In The LHC Era.
Heavy-quark Potential by AdS/CFT and Color SuperCond. in Dense QCD 侯德富 华中师范大学粒子物理研究所 十三届中高能核物理大会,合肥.
1 Questions about sQGP Carlos Arguello Columbia University 24 th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics April 10 th 2008.
the equation of state of cold quark gluon plasmas
Dual gravity approach to near-equilibrium processes in strongly coupled gauge theories Andrei Starinets Hadrons and Strings Trento July 20, 2006 Perimeter.
Fluctuation Partition Function of a Wilson Loop in a Strongly Coupled N=4 SYM Plasma Defu Hou (CCNU), James T.Liu (U. Michigan) and Hai-cang Ren (Rockefeller.
Exploring Hot Dense Matter at RHIC and LHC Peter Jacobs Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Lecture 3: Collective Flow and Hydrodynamics 6/22/111Hot.
RHIC physics and AdS/CFT Amos Yarom, Munich TexPoint fonts used in EMF. Read the TexPoint manual before you delete this box.: AAAA A A A A A A A together.
AdS/CFT Correspondence and Some Applications An amateur’s point of view Hai-cang Ren ( Rockefeller & CCNU )
Gauge/gravity duality and transport in hot and dense nuclear matter Andrei Starinets Oxford Elementary Particle Physics Seminars 11 November 2008 Rudolf.
String Theory applied to strongly interacting systems Andrei Starinets 30 January 2013 Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics Oxford University.
A CRITICAL POINT IN A ADS/QCD MODEL Wu, Shang-Yu (NCTU) in collaboration with He, Song, Yang, Yi and Yuan, Pei-Hung , to appear in JHEP
New Frontiers in QCD, October 28th, 2011 Based on K. Kim, D. Jido, S.H. Lee PRC 84(2011) K. Kim, Y. Kim, S. Takeuchi, T. Tsukioka PTP 126(2011)735.
Photo-emission in hQCD and LHC Sang-Jin Sin (Hanyang 2010/08/11.
New States of Matter and RHIC Outstanding questions about strongly interacting matter: How does matter behave at very high temperature and/or density?
What we expect gauge/gravity duality in the near future: from the viewpoint of hydrodynamics and thermodynamics CQUeST and Hanyang Univ. Shin Nakamura.
Introduction to String Theory & AdS/CFT Justin Frantz Nuclear Lunch 09/09/09 From a non-expert!!!!
Holographic description of heavy-ions collisions
An introduction to the Gravity/Fluid correspondence and its applications Ya-Peng Hu College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,
QCD Thermodynamics Jean-Paul Blaizot, CNRS and ECT* RHIC Physics in the Context of the Standard Model RBRC June 21,
Strongly Interacting Low Viscosity Matter Created in Heavy Ion Collisions Joe Kapusta * University of Minnesota Quark Matter 2006, Shanghai, China * Original.
Heavy-quark potential from AdS/CFT 侯 德 富 华中师范大学粒子物理研究所 两岸粒子物理与宇宙学研讨会, 重庆, 2012 年 5 月.
QGP and Hadrons in Dense medium: a holographic 2nd ATHIC based on works with X. Ge, Y. Matsuo, F. Shu, T. Tsukioka(APCTP), archiv:
1 Anomalous Viscosity of the Quark-Gluon Plasma Berndt Mueller – Duke University Workshop on Early Time Dynamics in Heavy Ion Collisions McGill University,
Shear viscosity to entropy density ratio below QCD critical temperature Outline: 1)What is the shear viscosity? 2)Background and motivation 3)Shear viscosity/Entropy.
November 18, Shanghai Anomalous Viscosity of an Expanding Quark-Gluon Plasma Masayuki ASAKAWA Department of Physics, Osaka University S. A.
Multi-quark potential from AdS/QCD based on arXiv: Wen-Yu Wen Lattice QCD.
Disordered systems and the replica method in AdS/CFT Yasuaki Hikida (KEK) Ref. Fujita, YH, Ryu, Takayanagi, JHEP12(2008)065 April 13,
Thermal spectral functions and holography Andrei Starinets (Perimeter Institute) “Strong Fields, Integrability and Strings” program Isaac Newton Institute.
5d truncation ignoring the 5-sphere (SO(6) gauge symmetry) There are 42 scalars - a 20 of SO(6) - a 10 and 10 of SO(6) - scalar dilaton-axion, singlets.
Sera Cremonini University of Michigan Probing Strongy Coupled Gauge Theories with AdS/CFT: Higher Derivative Corrections to  /s In collaboration with:
High Energy Nuclear Physics and the Nature of Matter Outstanding questions about strongly interacting matter: How does matter behave at very high temperature.
Light quark jet quenching in AdS/CFT Andrej Ficnar Columbia University Hot Quarks 2012 October 15, 2012.
Transport coefficients in strongly coupled gauge theories: insights from string theory Andrei Starinets Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics.
Heavy Quarkonium melting with Holographic Potential Defu Hou (CCNU,Wuhan) SQM2008, Beijing, Oct. 6-10, 2008 With Hai-cang Ren, JHEP 0801:029,2008.
Heavy Quarkonium States with the Holographic Potential Defu Hou (CCNU) From Strings to Things, Seattle, May 2008 With Hai-cang Ren, JHEP 0801:029,2008.
Shear Viscosity and Viscous Entropy Production in Hot QGP at Finite Density 报告人: 刘 绘 华中师范大学 粒子所.
Conformal symmetry breaking in QCD and implications for hot quark-gluon matter D. Kharzeev “Heavy quarks”, LBNL, November 1-3, 2007.
1 AdS/CFT Calculations of Parton Energy Loss Jorge Casalderrey-Solana Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. In collaboration with D. Teaney.
II Russian-Spanish Congress “Particle and Nuclear Physics at all scales and Cosmology”, Saint Petersburg, Oct. 4, 2013 RECENT ADVANCES IN THE BOTTOM-UP.
The fast life of holographic mesons Aninda Sinha Perimeter Institute, Canada. with Robert Myers arXiv:0802.nnnn Quark Matter 2008, Jaipur, India.
Transverse Momentum Broadening of a Fast Quark in a N=4 Yang Mills Plasma Jorge Casalderrey-Solana LBNL Work in collaboration with Derek Teany.
Holographic Thermalization of Quark Gluon Plazma Irina Aref'eva Steklov Mathematical Institute, Moscow II Russian-Spanish Congress Particle and Nuclear.
1 QCD Thermodynamics at High Temperature Peter Petreczky Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Nuclear Physics (NP), Bethesda MD, April 29-30,
Heavy-quark potential at subleading order from AdS/CFT Defu Hou Huazhong Normal University, Wuhan Hou, Ren, JHEP0801:029 ( 2008 ) Chu, Hou,Ren, JHEP0908:004.
Holographic QCD in the medium
Baryon Chemical Potential in AdS/CFT Shin Nakamura 中村 真 Hanyang Univ. and CQUeST (韓国・漢陽大学 ) Ref. S.N.-Seo-Sin-Yogendran, hep-th/ ( Kobayashi-Mateos-Matsuura-Myers,
Shear and Bulk Viscosities of Hot Dense Matter Joe Kapusta University of Minnesota New Results from LHC and RHIC, INT, 25 May 2010.
Hydrodynamic Flow from Fast Particles Jorge Casalderrey-Solana. E. V. Shuryak, D. Teaney SUNY- Stony Brook.
HIM06-12 SHLee1 Some Topics in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collision Su Houng Lee Yonsei Univ., Korea 1.J. P. Blaizot 2.J. Kapusta 3.U. A. Wiedemann.
Heavy quarkonia in AdS/QCD Y. Kim (KIAS) YK, J.-P. Lee, S. H. Lee, Phys. Rev. D75:114008, YK, B.-H. Lee, C. Park, and S.-J. Sin, hep-th/
The nonperturbative analyses for lower dimensional non-linear sigma models Etsuko Itou (Osaka University) 1.Introduction 2.The WRG equation for NLσM 3.Fixed.
Relating e+e- annihilation to high energy scattering at weak and strong coupling Yoshitaka Hatta (U. Tsukuba) JHEP 11 (2008) 057; arXiv: [hep-ph]
June 4, Tokyo Anomalous Viscosity of an Expanding Quark-Gluon Plasma Masayuki ASAKAWA Department of Physics, Osaka University S. A. Bass,
Heavy quark energy loss in finite length SYM plasma Cyrille Marquet Columbia University based on F. Dominguez, C. Marquet, A. Mueller, B. Wu and B.-W.
What have we learned from the RHIC experiments so far ? Berndt Mueller (Duke University) KPS Meeting Seoul, 22 April 2005.
Gauge/gravity duality in Einstein-dilaton theory Chanyong Park Workshop on String theory and cosmology (Pusan, ) Ref. S. Kulkarni,
1 NJL model at finite temperature and chemical potential in dimensional regularization T. Fujihara, T. Inagaki, D. Kimura : Hiroshima Univ.. Alexander.
Andrej Ficnar Columbia University Hard Probes 2010, Eilat, Israel October 12, 2010 Nonconformal Holography of Heavy Quark Quenching Andrej Ficnar, Jorge.
Status of AdS/QCD SangJin Sin KY.Kim, SJS, I.Zahed.
Towards understanding the Quark-Gluon Plasma
Cyrille Marquet Columbia University
Andrej Ficnar Columbia University
Ziqiang Zhang Huazhong Normal University
Properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma
Status of AdS/QCD SangJin Sin
Presentation transcript:

1 On viscosity of Quark Gluon Plasma Defu Hou CCNU, Wuhan RHIC-Star full TOF detector and related physics in China Hangzhou April 27-29

2 Introduction and motivation Viscosity from Kubo formula Viscosity from kinetic theory (Boltzmann Eq) Viscosity from AdS/CFT Summary Outlines

3 QCD under extreme conditions At very High T or density ( deconfined) High T (Early universe, heavy-ion collisions) High density matter ( in the core of neutron stars)

RHIC Robust collective flows, well described by ideal hydro with Lattice-based EoS. This indicates very strong interaction even at early time => sQGP sQGP seems to be the almost perfect fluid known  /s>=.1-.2<<1 Motivations Experiments aspect:

5 Study of dissipative effects on Study of dissipative effects on How sensitive is elliptic flow to finite  /s? Z. Xu & C. Greiner, PRL 101(08) Agreement for  s =0.3 – 0.6  /s=0.15 – 0.08 Viscous HydroCascade ( 2 2,2 3 ) P. Romatschke, PRL99 (07) Dependence on   relaxation time II 0 order expansion with green terms ( D. Rischke )

6 Theoretic aspect: To calculate Trsp. Coefs. in FT in highly nontrivial (nonperturbative ladder resummation) (c around 5) String theory method: AdS/CFT (D.Son et al 2003)  /s = 1/4 . Kinetic theory + uncertainty principle (Gyulassy)

7 Main obstacle for theory QCD in nonperturbative regime (T~200Mev) Pertburb. Expansion of QCD is not well behaved for realistic T For thermodyn.,one can use lattice and resummation techniques Kinetic coefficients are difficult to extract from lattice

8 Shear Viscosity

9

10

11 Viscosity from Kubo formula

12 Nonlinear Response

13

14 S. Jeon, PRD 52; Carrington, Hou, Kobes, PRD61

15 Carrington, Hou, Kobes, PRD64 (2001)

16 Hou, hep-ph/

17

18 Viscosity from kinetics theory

19

20

21 Boltzmann Equation Fluctuation of distribution(s: species) Recast the Boltzmann equation P.Arnold, G.D.Moore and G.Yaffe, JHEP 0011(00)001 Viscosity of hot QCD at finite density

22 Shear viscosity With a definition of inner product and expanded distribution functions, where

23 Collision terms Performing the integral over dk’ with the help of Scattering amplitude Distribution function term \chi term

24 Matrix Element

25 Variation method gives Liu, Hou, Li EPJC 45(2006)

26 Computing transport coefficients from AdS/CFT In the regime described by a gravity dual the correlator can be computed using AdS/CFT

27 AdS/CFT at finite temperature Classical Supergravity on AdS-BH×S 5 4dim. Large-Nc strongly coupled SU( Nc ) N=4 SYM at finite temperature (in the deconfinement phase). conjecture = Witten ‘98

28 Field Theory Gravity Theory = Gauge Theories QCD Quantum Gravity String theory the large N limit Supersymmetric Yang Mills Gravitational theory in 10 dimensions N large Calculations Correlation functions Quark-antiquark potential Holography

29 AdS/CFT now being applied to RHIC physics Viscosity,  /s. EOS Jet quenching “ Sound ” waves Photon production Friction … Heavy quarkonium Hardron spectrum (ADS/QCD)

30 Universality of shear viscosity in the regime described by gravity duals Graviton’s component obeys equation for a minimally coupled massless scalar. But then. Since the entropy (density) is we get D. Son, P. Kovtun, A.S., hep-th/

31 Shear viscosity in SYM Correction to : A.Buchel, J.Liu, A.S., hep-th/ P.Arnold, G.Moore, L.Yaffe, 2001

32 A viscosity bound conjecture P.Kovtun, D.Son, A.S., hep-th/ , hep-th/

33 Universality of Theorem: For any thermal gauge theory (with zero chemical potential), the ratio of shear viscosity to entropy density is equal to in the regime described by a corresponding dual gravity theory Remark: Gravity dual to QCD (if it exists at all) is currently unknown.

34 Possible Mechanisms for Low viscosity Large cross-section, strong coupling Anomalous viscosity: turbulence M. Asakawa, S.A. Bass, B.M., hep-ph/ , PRL See Abe & Niu (1980) for effect in EM plasmas

35 Take moments of with p z 2 M. Asakawa, S.A. Bass, B.M., hep-ph/ See Abe & Niu (1980) for effect in EM plasmas

36 Low viscosity due to Anderson Local. AL effect renders infinite reduces viscosity significantly even at weak coupling Mechanism:coherent backscattering (CBS) effect Ginaaki, Hou, Ren PRD 77(2008)

37 Summary Kubo formula: via correlation functions of currents Transport theory: Boltzmann Eqs. (for weak scattering) ADS/CFT(strongly coupled) Lattice calculation (noisy) Approches to calculate viscosity

38 Thanks

39 Renormalized diffusion

40 Weak Localization (WL) Anderson proposed (‘58) that electronic diffusion can vanish in a random potential (AL) Experiments detected ( Ishimaru 1984,Wolf Maret 1985) Mechanism:coherent backscattering (CBS) effect after a wave is multiply scattered many times , its phase coherence is preserved in the backscattering direction , the probability of back scattering is enhenced via constructive interference

41 Viscosity with random medium System: quasi-particles in random potential Candidate disorder in sQGP ? 1.The islands of heavy state; bound states (Shuryak); 2. The reminiscent of confinement vaccum, say the domain structure of 't Hooft's monopole condensation; 3.The disoriented chiral condensate (DCC); 4. CGC

42

43 Response function

44 BS Eq. In Diagrams

45 Localization length Itinerant states ----  Localized States

46 II Some applications to N=4 SUSY YM Plasma: Equation of state in strong coupling: Plasma temperature = Hawking temperature Near Schwarzschild horizon Continuating to Euclidean time, To avoid a conic singularity at, the period of Recalling the Matsubara formulation

47 Free energy = temperature X (the gravity action without metric fluctuations) E. Witten, Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 2, 505 (1998), hep-th/ Consider a 4D Euclidean space of spatial volume V_3 at The EH action of AdS-Schwarzschild: The EH action of plain AdS To eliminate the conic singularity, To match the proper length in Euclidean time Plasma free energy: Plasma entropy:

48 Bekenstein-Hawking entropy: The metric on the horizon : The gravitational constant of the dual: agree with the entropy extraced from the gravity action. Gubser, Klebanov & Pest, PRD54, 3915 (1996)

49 The ratio 3/4: The plasma entropy density at The free field limit: the contents of N=4 SUSY YM numberentropy density gauge potential1 real scalars6 Weyl spinors4 The lattice QCD yields

50 Shear viscosity in strong coupling: Kubo formula Policastro, Son and Starinets, JHEP09, 043 (2002) where

51 Gravity dual: the coefficient of term of the gravity action

52 The metric fluctuation Substituting into Einstein equation and linearize The Laplace equation of a scalar field

53 Calculation details: Nonzero components of the Christofel (up to symmetris): Nonzero components of the Ricci tensor: Linear expansion:

54 The solution: Heun equation (Fucks equation of 4 canonical singularities) trivial when energy and momentum equatl to zero; low energy-momentum solution can be obtained perturbatively. The boundary condition at horizon: The incoming solution at low energy and zero momentum:

55 Viscosity ratio: Elliptic flow of RHIC: Lattice QCD: noisy V_4 = 4d spacetime volume

56 III. Remarks: N=4 SYM is not QCD, since 1). It is supersymmetric 2). It is conformal ( no confinement ) 3). No fundamental quarks ) and 2) may not be serious issues since sQGP is in the deconfined phase at a nonzero temperature. The supersymmetry of N=4 SYM is broken at a nonzero T ) may be improved, since heavy fundamental quarks may be introduced by adding D7 branes. ( Krach & Katz ) Introducing an infrared cutoff ---- AdS/QCD: Regge behavior of meson spectrum ---- confinement; Rho messon mass gives Lack of string theory support. Karch, Katz, Son & Stephenov

57 Deconfinement phase transition: Herzog, PRL98, (2007) Hadronic phase: Plasma phase: Hawking-Page transition: ---- First order transition with entropy jump ---- Consistent with large N_c QCD because of the liberation of quark-gluon degrees of freedom.

58

59

60

61 Epilogue AdS/CFT gives insights into physics of thermal gauge theories in the nonperturbative regime Generic hydrodynamic predictions can be used to check validity of AdS/CFT General algorithm exists to compute transport coefficients and the speed of sound in any gravity dual Model-independent statements can presumably be checked experimentally

62

63

64 Mechanisms for Low viscosity Large cross-section, strong coupling Anomalous viscosity: turbulence Soft color fields generate anomalous transport coefficients, which may give the medium the character of a nearly perfect fluid even at moderately weak coupling M. Asakawa, S.A. Bass, B.M., hep-ph/ , PRL See Abe & Niu (1980) for effect in EM plasmas