Bluetooth Architecture and Applications Chris Greco, Wesley Kunzler, Koy Rehme, Zhuo Ruan

Bluetooth Stack

Bluetooth Radio (Link Layer) 2.4 GHz 79 channels –1 MHz spacing –23 channels in some countries Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying RSSI (Receiver Signal Strength Indicator)

Baseband (Physical Layer) Pseudorandom hopping sequence Synchronous Connection-Oriented (SCO) –Audio Asynchronous Connection-Less (ACL) –Data Error Correction –1/3 rate FEC –2/3 rate FEC –ARQ scheme

Baseband (Physical Layer) Connection Modes: Active, Sniff, Hold, Park Device Addressing –Bluetooth Device Address (48 bits) –Active Member Address (3 bits) –Parked Member Address (8 bits) –Access Request Address Synchronization requires: –Channel hopping sequence –Phase –Channel Access Code

Link Manager Protocol (LMP) Manages connections and pairings Authentication Pairing Key change Encryption Detaching Power Control … and much more!

Host Controller Interface (HCI)

Hardware Status and Registers Bluetooth-specific commands Flow Control Error Recovery Transport Layers (RS-232, UART, USB)

Logical Link Control and Application Protocol (L2CAP) Designed only for ACL links (i.e. no Audio) Segmentation and Reassembly Quality of Service Piconet operation

RFCOMM Emulates RS-232 over L2CAP protocol Accommodates types 1 and 2 devices Supports up to 60 emulated serial ports Does not suffer from low-power mode latency delays Serial-Bluetooth adapters available –Easily convert to wireless Allows for internet-type services

Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) Determine which services are available and their characteristics (services) –Universally Unique Identifiers (UUIDs) –Searching for services –Browsing for services List of capabilities sent during pairing

Baby monitor Wristwatch communicator – 007 style Serial port extender PDA Chat Audio extender (speaker in other room) Indoor/outdoor thermometer / home weather station Palatometer

Socket Corp. (a) (b) Socket’s CF Ruggedized Serial I/O Card with high-speed serial drivers Accessory hardware including power adapter, null modem adapter Software tools including Socket’s Bluetooth 1.1 Certified Stack for Windows CE devices NOTE: Socket’s Bluetooth Stack Dev Tools allow developers to write applications that are Bluetooth aware. These Tools provide built-in screens for doing device discovery and pairing. $5000

BlueGiga WT11 BT Module Bluetooth® Class 1 Two antenna options: internal chip antenna or U.FL connector Up to 2-3Mbps USB version 2.0 compliant UART with bypass mode 8Mb of flash memory RoHS compliant Control with ASCII commands, or GPIO, or UART $53 Serial or USB interface $625

Expected shipping date: 01/26/07

Bluepacket 2037 Module Arm7 processor Class 1 Firmware embedded Integrated MP3 decode No answer when called

(a) (b) BTEVAL: (Bluetooth evaluation board) Build-in RS232, TTL converter ICD2 programming socket 24C256 Memory Price: $179 Toothpic DARC-I: (Remotely Configurable Data Acquisition and Remote Control Module) Tooth PIC module, Serial data I/O PWM-digital/parallel output control Analog/digital/parallel input control Capture of frames of input data up to 5K samples / sec Price: $64.70 READY Intl Corp.

(c) Toothpick DARC-II (Data Acquire& Remote Control with User Interface Server) Developer interface tools 1.Bluetooth application development 2.On-line analyzer for running remote devices 3.Price: $474

Make Bluetooth Work for You: Build a Sample Chat Application Visual Studio.NET 2003 Final Beta Two Pocket PCs with Bluetooth Microsoft ActiveSync 3.6 Prices: $400~500

Rabbit Semiconductor BT Kit Comes with 30 MHz uC Serial UART control – up to 115kbps Complete with sample applications and source code $340

Avnet DS-KIT-P160-COMM3 Xilinx FPGA on board (Microblaze) Flash, SRAM, ADC, DAC, Ethernet “Easy to use Bluetooth module” (921 kbps UART interface) $225