Helping your child with:

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Presentation transcript:

Helping your child with: Reading November 2011

The Simple View of Reading- to become good readers children must develop both word recognition and language comprehension skills: “The dog sat on the mat.” The goal of reading is comprehension –understanding what you are reading. Learning to read gradually changes to reading to learn

The aim for the 3 books we send home each week– Book 1 - a text they can read independently, easier than the one we read together in class Book 2 - a book at instructional level (read 90 - 94% of the words correctly). Book 3 - own choice from class library, any level of ability - can be one they can read to you, or for you to read to them

These are the first 7 letters we teach, as they can be combined to make many words: s a t p i n c What does ‘learning a letter’ consist of ? Distinguishing the shape of the letter from other letter shapes Recognise and say the sound (phoneme) associated with the letter shape Recalling the shape of the letter (or selecting it from a display) when given its sound Writing the shape of the letter with the correct movement, orientation and relationship to other letters Naming the letter Being able to recall and recognise the shape of a letter from its name ALL AT THE AGE OF 4!

Where do we start? HANDOUT 1 It is really important to pronounce phonemes (sounds) very clearly and not add ‘uh’ at the end e.g. Long sounds - m mmm not muh, n , s, f, l, j r v w x z Short sounds - t, b, d, i g c k p Don’t say suh - a - tuh for sat - can make blending sounds to read words and spell words difficult

HiOP PD

Ideas at home for early readers: Tuning into sounds: It’s time to get your c –oa- t, coat! Touch your t-oe-s,toes! Clapping sounds - Think of words using the letters s a t p i n And sound them out clapping each sound (or phoneme) p i n, p a t, Then blend (or squeeze) the sounds to say the whole word (start of reading) Then see if they can count how many phonemes they can hear using their fingers : m a n

Fast recognition of letters is very important for reading and We start by teaching individual sounds e.g. S Children are taught to link the sound to: an image (a snake), an action - weaving your hand like a snake; a song learn the shape of the letter - start like a ‘c’ and curl around Fast recognition of letters is very important for reading and recall for spelling so the Reception children are regularly shown letter cards to call out the phoneme

Terms we use: Phoneme - a sound in a word Grapheme - a letter or sequence of letters that represents a phoneme These words below each have 3 phonemes (separate sounds) Each of these sounds is represented by a grapheme. A grapheme may consist of one, two, three or four letters: 1 2 3 sounds c a t b ir d f i sh kn igh t

In order to read an unfamiliar word, a child must recognise We convert graphemes to sounds when we are reading aloud. sh ou t shout ( not s h o u t) In order to read an unfamiliar word, a child must recognise each grapheme, not each letter e.g. sounding out ship as sh i p not s h i p then blend the sounds together to make a word

home could shout caught these lamb school pulled chief Have a go: HANDOUT 2 Sound buttons - draw a dot under each phoneme and a long oval for each phoneme represented by a digraph (ea), trigraph (igh) or where 4 letters(eigh) represent 1 phoneme: meat home could shout caught these lamb school pulled chief

Which one? Group of objects with names that have 3 sounds e.g. l -ea-f, sh -ee-p, f - i -sh Can you find the s -o-ck : child blends the sounds and find the object I spy Selection of objects spread out I spy with my little eye a z-i-p etc When they have found it ask them to segment the word for you - show you the zip and say z - i – p (stretch the word) Make it harder by having a group of objects all starting with the same phoneme- Cat, cap, cup, comb, kite - will really encourage blending right through the sound and not just relying on the initial sound. Segmenting - child asks you to pick up from a group of objects with 3 sounds the c -u -p, d - u - ck so they have to segment the word into its sounds Children who can hear sounds in words and sound them out accurately are generally well placed to make a good start in reading.

Word Walls HAND OUT 3 There are certain words which occur very frequently in children’s books. They are known as high frequency words. The children learn them in groups – the word wall we send home. Many of these words children can sound out to read e.g. had, but etc Other words they just have to learn as a whole word as you cannot sound them out e.g. what, said Play games with them to make them fun to learn– make 2 copies of a word wall and play: snap, fish, bingo, make a silly sentence, climb the ladder etc

Reading a new book –suggestions: HAND OUT 4 (but you don’t need to do it every time or they will get bored with the routine). Use the correct vocabulary from the start Look at front cover and title- what will it be about? Who is the author? e.g. This book was written by a lady called………….. Who is the illustrator? The illustrations were drawn by a lady called…….. do you think she is a good artist? Look at the blurb on the back cover

Look through the illustrations -what is the story going to be about? Pick up on the characters’ names and use them as they are often difficult to read Stop part way through and ask how he/she thinks it will end When reading a description of a character’s actions ask if he can work out from this what kind of character this is - good, bad, sad, lucky? Check this as the story develops. Could you think of a different ending to the story?

If your child is stuck on a word or words. Don’t tell them the words straight away or they will get used to looking to you for the answer and not bother to apply strategies they know for reading – so: Pause - give them time to think about it Encourage them to sound out the phonemes (sounds). Break the word down into chunks - can they read part of it, see a smaller word within the word e.g.broom, is it a compound word? e.g. bedroom, greenhouse Tell them to leave that word and read the rest of the sentence. Now ask them what word they think would make the sentence make sense If they still can’t work out what the word says, then tell them what it is Reward their efforts with praise. Don’t make a fuss about mistakes - we all make them and its how we learn

Reading books at home together: Research has shown that when parents read to their child for 8 - 10 minutes, four times a week, their children have higher reading levels than those who don’t have this experience. The main thing to remember when helping your child to read is to keep it fun. All children will learn to read - the important thing is developing a love of reading so that they will choose to read as an activity Be a good role model - Have books and magazines around the house and let him/her see you reading. Lack of reading stamina - When children first start to read they will enjoy showing you their new-found skills but may not yet have a great deal of reading stamina. So you could take turns to read. Let your child start by reading a sentence, a paragraph or a page depending on their reading ability then you take over and read the same amount. x Read instructions together - making a model, ingredients for a recipe.Reading what will be in TV before switching on. Leaflets of places you will visit No matter how enjoyable you make reading together there will be times when your child will lose interest. When this happens don’t get upset - just take a break for a few days. If you give them a little breathing space they will soon be coming back for more. As they develop, their skills children often prefer to read to themselves and ‘ in their head” In this instance, ask you child some questions about the book, or ask him to choose a short piece to read out loud to you so that you can check he is reading it accurately. It’s a good idea for you and your child to fix a regular time each day when you can sit down to read together. Don’t worry if you miss a day just read together as often as you can. Once your child has started to learn to read it is very tempting to abandon the bedtime story routine. Children can understand books that are more complex than those they can actually read independently. Their interest level is often beyond their ability to decode the printed page. Bedtime reading shouldn’t be their school reading book

If your child makes a fuss when you ask him/her to get out their reading book Take a break for a few days. If you give them a little breathing space they will soon be coming back for more. What should you do if they lose interest in reading? Try letting them choose a comic when you are in the shops - same words and way to work them out is the same as for a book but the presentation of the story and the supporting pictures may be the kind of help he/she needs most at this stage. Read instructions together – make a model, follow a recipe, read what will be on TV before switching on. Choose a regular time to read together - make it a routine Don’t abandon the bedtime story - children can understand books with stories more complex than the ones they can read independently. Their interest level is often beyond their ability to decode the printed page. Bedtime reading shouldn’t be their school book.

Tips for parents of reluctant boys (or reluctant girls): Read short stories - quick to read and easy to stick with. Never try to force your child to read a book that he doesn’t want to. Instead, try to find books that your son or daughter will be interested in. Listen to stories on tape –learn the language of stories e.g. once upon a time……. If you want your son to read, show him that you enjoy reading also. He will be impressed if his Dad, older brother, grandfather, uncles, cousins or friends read as well. He will see that it is okay for boys to read. Dad’s often see their role as kicking a football around with their son, rough and tumble games, but it is really important to also read with them. Look out for good role models such as footballers and pop stars seen reading

All children will learn to read. The important point is that we ensure they will want to read and enjoy reading for pleasure, for information. Make it fun Don’t make it a chore Enjoy reading together

the Reception staff will be more than happy to go through some of these ideas again with you. Continue to write questions you may have on the comments part of the weekly teaching points sheet in your child’s reading folder If you have any questions,or there is anything you need explaining again,