8-years of global observations of water isotopologues in the stratosphere and mesosphere by the Odin satellite J. Urban, D.P. Murtagh, P. Eriksson,...

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Presentation transcript:

8-years of global observations of water isotopologues in the stratosphere and mesosphere by the Odin satellite J. Urban, D.P. Murtagh, P. Eriksson,... Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden E. Dupuy, Y. Kasai, K. Walker, P. Bernath, G. Stiller, J. Steinwagner,... NICT Koganei, Tokyo, Japan; University of Toronto, Canada; KIT Karlaruhe; University of Utrecht

Motivation / Background Water vapour Water vapour Important greenhouse gas in UT/LS Important greenhouse gas in UT/LS Middle atmospheric chemistry (source of HOx) Middle atmospheric chemistry (source of HOx) Main water isotopologues: Main water isotopologues: H2O-16, H2O-18, H2O-17, HDO,... VMSOW: 0.997, , , ,... VMSOW: 0.997, , , ,... Changes of isotope ratio in the atmosphere: Changes of isotope ratio in the atmosphere: Condensation/evaporation processes (clouds, rain, vertical/horizontal transport) Condensation/evaporation processes (clouds, rain, vertical/horizontal transport) Atmospheric chemistry (e.g. methane oxidation, ozone chemistry) Atmospheric chemistry (e.g. methane oxidation, ozone chemistry)

Measurements

Microwave limb sounding: major water lines Aura/MLS 183GHz Odin/SMR GHz UARS/MLS 183GHz MAS/ATLAS (Space Shuttle) JEM/SMILES MLS 183GHz 489GHz557GHz O2 H2O SMR SMILES

The Odin satellite Odin - Swedish led mini-satellite, cooperation with Canada, Finland, France. SMR (Sub-Millimetre Radiometer) OSIRIS (Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imaging System) Launched in February % astronomy, 50% aeronomy. Limb-sounding in aeronomy mode, Polar sun-synchronous orbit: near global daily coverage.

Odin/SMR spectral range H2O, HDO, H2O-18, O GHz H2O-17, O3, NO 551GHz ClO, O3, N2O, UTH 501GHz O3, HNO3, H2O, UTH, T 544GHz H2O, O3, T 557GHz CO, O3, T 576GHz Receiver A2 Receiver A1 Receiver B1 Receiver B2

Odin/SMR Water Isotope Mode: H 2 O, HDO, H 2 O-18 Chalmers-v GHz band GHz band ~ 20 km ~ 35 km ~ 50 km H 2 O-16 H 2 O-18 O HDO O sym O asym O asym tropics O 3 -img

Odin/SMR water isotope mode Retrieved profiles of H GHz and GHz Simultaneous retrieval of H 2 16 O, O 3, H 2 18 O / HDO, 18 O 3 -asym, 18 O 3 -sym, scan-bias, linear baseline (offset), temperature, and continuum tropics HDO (4.2S/129.9E) H 2 16 O (0.3S/106.5E) Chalmers-v2.1

H GHz 21 km 36 km 50 km

Odin/SMR GHz water vapour tropics: altitude range ~16-25km Lower stratospheric water vapour retrieved from H2O continuum

Global distribution

Odin water isotope mode Sep Sep - 5 H2O-16 H2O-18 H2O-17 HDO Maps at 35km!

Strato-mesospheric H 2 O-17 / 2007 Chalmers-v2.1 H GHz Jul Oct Apr Jan Jul Oct Apr

Water isotopes: seasonal averages km v2.1 H 2 O HDO H 2 18 O DJF MAM JJA SON 90S EQ 90N 90S EQ 90N 90S EQ 90N

Intercomparison with MIPAS and ACE/FTS H2O

H2O: comparison Odin, HALOE, ACE - tropics -

H2O: comparison Odin, HALOE, MIPAS - tropics -

H2O: comparison Odin, HALOE, MIPAS, ACE - tropics -

Intercomparison with MIPAS and ACE/FTS HDO

HDO zonal mean: ACE/FTS vs Odin/SMR 20ºS-20ºN30ºN-60ºN 70ºN-90ºN [courtesy: Eric Dupuy, K. Walker]

HDO: MIPAS - Odin - ACE [comparison: J. Steinwagner] 20km 26km 23km26km 29km32km 35km September - October - November

Tape-recorder

Odin tropical H2O & HDO "tape-recorder" Chalmers-v2.1 data daily zonal means Chalmers-v2.0 data daily zonal means- 10day moving average Chalmers-v2.1 data daily zonal means - 10day moving average

Odin/SMR water isotopologues:

Equivalent latitude 655K H2O-16H2O-18H2O-17HDO Odin/SMR water isotopologues Chalmers-v2.1 data ~25km

Equivalent latitude 960K H2O-16H2O-18H2O-17HDO Odin/SMR water isotopologues Chalmers-v2.1 data ~32km

Equivalent latitude 520K H2O-16H2O-18H2O-17HDO Odin/SMR water isotopologues Chalmers-v2.1 data ~21km

Odin/SMR 655K / Chalmers v2.1

Odin/SMR 655K / Chalmers v2.1

Odin/SMR 655K / Chalmers v2.1

Odin/SMR 655K / Chalmers v2.1

Polar winter descent Polar winter descent

GHz time-series: high latitudes Water isotope mode IM_AC2ab, IM_AC2c target species: H2O, H2O-18, HDO ~1 observation day per week smoothed over 30 days zonal averages 70-90S, 70-90N SH NHH2O-18 anomaly VMR

Odin/SMR H2O-18 at high eqv. latitudes 1200K 840K 655K 520K

Time-series

Odin water isotopes: tropics, zonal mean Evolution of Odin/SMR water isotopes H2O K ( ~20-30km) HALOE H2O Odin H2O 544.6GHz Odin H2O 488.9GHz Odin HDO Odin H2O-17 Odin H2O-18 ACE H2O ACE HDO MIPAS H2O H2O K ( ~30-40km) H2O K ( ~ km) H2O K ( ~ km)

Evolution of Odin/SMR water isotopes H2O K ( ~ km) H2O K ( ~20-30km) HALOE H2O Odin H2O 544.6GHz Odin H2O 488.9GHz Odin HDO Odin H2O-17 Odin H2O-18 ACE H2O ACE HDO MIPAS H2O Odin water isotopes: tropics, zonal mean H2O K ( ~30-40km)

Odin water isotopes: tropics, zonal mean Evolution of Odin/SMR water isotopes H2O K ( ~20-30km) HALOE H2O Odin H2O 544.6GHz Odin H2O 488.9GHz Odin HDO Odin H2O-17 Odin H2O-18 ACE H2O ACE HDO MIPAS H2O H2O K ( ~30-40km) H2O K ( ~ km)

H2O evolution / tropics

Water vapour / 30°S to 30°N / km SAGE Odin/SMR HALOE Aura/MLS H2O anomaly [%] Year [Jones et al., ACP-2009] deseasonalized and combined data sets green: all instrument weighted mean

Odin carrying SMR (Sub-Millimetre Radiometer) launched in February 2001 now: ~9 years of observations starting from Nov 2001 (quasi-global coverage). now: ~9 years of observations starting from Nov 2001 (quasi-global coverage). Continued operation through 2010 (ESA third party mission, 100% aeronomy). Strato-mesospheric water vapour isotopologues: Strato-mesospheric water vapour isotopologues: H 2 O, HDO, H 2 O-18, O 3 -isotopes around 490GHz: H 2 O, HDO, H 2 O-18, O 3 -isotopes around 490GHz: ~4 days / month, Nov , strat-mesosphere (~18/20-75km), now ~8 days / month H 2 O-17, NO, O 3, T at 551GHz: H 2 O-17, NO, O 3, T at 551GHz: ~1 day / month, Oct , strat-mesosphere (~20-75km), now ~4 days / month Odin/SMR operational level-2 data: Chalmers-v2.1. Quality assessment ongoing, e.g. MIPAS and ACE (H2O, HDO) intercomparisonSummary

Summary: Odin H2O assessment (strat.) Odin stratospheric water vapour products: Odin stratospheric water vapour products: 1. Lower stratospheric H2O at ~16-20km: 544.6GHz (v2.0) agrees well with HALOE in K (~16-19km) range, but biased low at K (and not useful above). 2.Strato-mesospheric H2O, ~20-75km: 488.9GHz (v2.1) agrees with HALOE in K (~21-30km) range, but generally lower than ACE and CFH sondes. Low biased in middle and upper stratosphere and mesosphere. 3.Strato-mesospheric HDO, ~18-70km: 490.4GHz (v2.1) shows negative bias compared to MIPAS and ACE in the (18-35km) range covered by the IR measurements. 4.Strato-mesospheric H2O-18, ~20-70km: 488.9GHz (v2.1) 5.Strato-mesospheric H2O-17, ~20-80km: 551.7GHz (v2.1) no correlative data no correlative data H2O-16: Similar (seasonal, QBO) variability as HALOE, MIPAS, ACE in the relevant layers K (544.6GHz) and K (488.9GHz). H2O-16: Similar (seasonal, QBO) variability as HALOE, MIPAS, ACE in the relevant layers K (544.6GHz) and K (488.9GHz).

Thank you!