37 th CIMUSET Conference September 7-13, 2009 INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE IN SERBIA Zorica Civrić, senior curator Museum of Science and Technology, Belgrade

FROM INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE SITE TOWARDS THE NEW SPACE 1.INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE FUNDAMENTAL EXAMINATION 2. HERITAGE-LED ADAPTIVE REUSE OR RENOVATION 3. NEW SPACE, NEW MUSEUM SPACE

REUSE AS TENDENCY Museo Usina Molet, Cordoba Province, Argentina opened in May 2005 Former hydroelectric power plant Molet on the Río Suquía, Tate Modern Gallery, London, opened in May 2001 Former Bankside Power Station,

REUSE AS TENDENCY Museu da Electricidade, Lisboa, opened in May 2006 Former Tejo power station, , listed building Steam Plant Theater, opened in 1989 & Sculpture Garden, opened in 1995, Salida, Colorado, USA Former Salida power station, Museo della Centrale Montemartini, Rome, opened in1997 Former Montemartini thermoelectric plant, Rome, Italy, 1912

INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE FUNDAMENTAL EXAMINATION ASPECTS Physical location Historical, technical, architectural, aesthetical, social values National and regional significance Legal status Building condition assessment, risk assessment The entity/identity of location Social judgment Local community connections, identity role Culture tourism perspectives Possibilities for reuse/new function/rehabilitation Impact of the new function on the envinroment Cost benefit analisys Sustainability

DIVISION OF THE DATA Within the first phase of fundamental examination until mid-2009 some 460 items had been identified and enumerated. The data that has been collected is divided into 6 main fields. Each of them is elaborated into subfields. MAIN FIELDS : - Legal status - Location - Date/period - Function - Owner, user and type of ownership - Condition assessment

- Legal status/significance - Location - Date/period - Function - Owner, user and type of ownership - Building condition assessment

LISTED BUILDINGS

- Legal status - Location - Date/period - Function - Owner, user and type of ownership - Condition assessment

NORTH SOUTH INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE - REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION Belgrade

The basic reasons that development of industry in Serbia in the 19th century was slowed down, particularly in south region, were: 1. shortage of capital 2. unorganized money market 3. shortage of monetary system 4. slow development of legal society that would provide security for invested foreign capital 5. unfavorable economic-political position that lasted up to undeveloped consumer region 7. undeveloped traffic especially railroads that was to connect raw material regions with manufacturing and consuming regions 8. shortage of professional staff, and 9. absence of contractor’s initiative. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

- Legal status - Location - Date/period - Function - Owner, user and type of ownership - Condition assessment

TIMELINE - XVIII c. – the age of horse and water power – 1850/60, the age of water power, steam – 1890/1900, the age of steam, railways, electricity – 1918, the age of electricity, railways, telephony – 1940, heavy industry

DATE OF ORIGIN

Brewery in Pancevo, began operation in 1722; out of work from 1970s, damaged in fire 2005 The oldest industrial heritage building

The first industrial company The canon foundry, Kragujevac, later Military – Technical Institution was the first industrial company in Serbia; manufacture started in 1853

Railroad Station in Belgrade built in 1884 Development of the railroad traffic experienced its expansion by the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century on the territory of the countries of Serbia, Montenegro, Austro-Hungary and Turkey of that time. Occurrence of railroad in the field of economic relations caused revolution, contributed to rapid switch from natural economy to monetary and it speeded up the process of industrialization.

VUCJE HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT IEEE MILESTONE DEDICATED JUNE 25, 2005 The Vucje hydroelectric plant began operation in It was the first in southern Serbia and the largest in the broader region. By transmitting alternating electric current of 50 Hz at 7000 volts -- high for the period -- over a distance of 16 km, it helped to transform the regional economy. It remained in continual use up today.

- Legal status - Location - Date/period - Function - Owner, user and type of ownership - Condition assessment

INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS THAT KEPT FUNCTION THE LEVEL OF KNOWN DATA (%)

- Legal status - Location - Date/period - Function - Owner, user and type of ownership - Condition assessment

BUILDING CONDITION ASSESSMENT

THE EXISTENCE OF THE ORIGINAL MACHINERY

Things to do

THE MAIN ISSUES IN A HERITAGE-LED REGENERATION PROCESS harmonizing preservation and use integrating the identity role and interpretation aspect in the adaptive use plan fostering of the local community to establish ownership and enhance belonging to the new function during regeneration process

and communication between all participants included in process