New Energy: How does if affect Japan and the United States

Energy Sources 1. Oil 2. Nuclear Power 3. Fracking 4. Hydroelectric Power

What energy is most used in Japan/USA? Japan: 1. Oil (16% usage). Must import Nuclear Power Plants (33% of their energy) USA: 1. Oil (36% of our energy) 2. Oil is expensive and must be imported 3. Nuclear plants (65 total in use, 20% of our energy) 4. Goal is to use “Clean Energy” sources

Some people believe there are benefits and negatives to every energy source. Question: Are the benefits worth the negatives? We will focus on: < Nuclear Power < Fracking (due to its usage in PA, and because it is a new source in Japan)

What is Nuclear Power? Nuclear Power: 1. pertaining to or involving atomic weapons. 2. powered by atomic energy. 3. having atomic weapons. 4. of or forming a nucleus: nuclear particles.

Nuclear Power History The world's first nuclear chain reaction takes place - Manhattan Project – Hiroshima and Nagasaki are bombed with an atomic weapon.

Nuclear Power History The first large- scale nuclear power plant in the United States begins operation in Shippingport, PA Three Mile Island near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, experiences a major failure.

Nuclear Power History A 9.0 magnitude earthquake and tsunami, wrecks the Fukushima nuclear plant, triggering a nuclear meltdown.

What is Fracking? 1.Hydraulic fracturing is the fracturing of various rock layers by a pressurized liquid. 2.A technique used to release petroleum, natural gas (including shale gas, tight gas, and coal seam gas), or other substances for extraction.

Fracking History The first experimental use of hydraulic fracturing was in In the 1970s the United States govt. initiated the Eastern Gas Shales Project, a set of dozens of public-private hydraulic fracturing pilot demonstration projects.

Fracking History In 1997, the hydraulic fracturing technique known as "slickwater fracturing" which involves adding chemicals to water to increase the fluid flow, made the shale gas extraction economical. As of 2013, in addition to the United States several countries are planning to use hydraulic fracturing for unconventional oil and gas production.

Next Steps Have students work on the Nuclear Energy Webquest.

Japans Reliance on Nuclear Power Question: Why does Japan so readily turn to nuclear power? Answers: 1. Due to a lack of resources for other energy forms. 2. It was an entirely new frontier technologically in a country that has always been an avid consumer of advanced technology. 3. It presented an enormous business opportunity, particularly for the power reactor vendors: Toshiba, Mitsubishi, and Hitachi.

Numbers Question: How many Nuclear Power plants are in Japan? Answer: 50+, that's No. 2 in the world after France in terms of the percentage of electric power supply. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Question: How many Nuclear accidents occurred in Japan? Answer: Many. Two biggest: in Kobe in Fukushima

Fukushima, Japan < On March 3, 2011 Japan was hit with a Tsunami and Earthquake, affecting the whole country. Define: Tsunami: A very large ocean wave caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption. Earthquake: A sudden movement of the earth's crust caused by the release of stress accumulated along geologic faults or by volcanic activity.

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Fukushima 2011 Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Damaged! Reactors 1, 2 and 3 experienced full meltdown No casualties due to radiation, but possible cancer related deaths in the future. Japan’s Nuclear power plant shut down --- Until further notice.

Fukushima 2013 TEPCO says the situation going from bad to worse. Radioactive Water still leaking, after many efforts to fix. Fear of radioactive sea life contaminating the food chain

3-2-1 On Japanese Nuclear Power Please list 3 key facts you have learned about the Fukushima disaster. 2 questions you would like to ask anyone from Japan, about this incident. 1 solution you could provide to help the Japanese.

Three Mile Island, USA Have students complete the TMI webquest, graphic organizer, and essay. Afterwards, play the following video clip:

America’s Next Energy Question Are we ready to increase Fracking in the USA? --- Coal and Oil energy helped the USA as a cheap and reliable energy source. --- Coal and Oil energy hurt our environment, killed wildlife. With all the problems and benefits of Nuclear Power, and other energy sources, are we ready to forego the negatives to reap the benefits of Fracking?

Past Problems

Fracking in Pennsylvania – Please Do Now 1.Place yourself in groups of two or three people. 2.Brainstorm everything you know, think you know, or may have heard about Natural Gas and Fracking. 3.You may supply one-word reactions, facts, personal experience, or anything else that is relevant. 4.Groups will report what you discussed, and write your contributions on the board.

How does it work? See how Fracking works, via the following 2 minute video:

Benefits of Fracking Nothing in the world is entirely safe, but by the standards of industrial activity in the USA, fracking is very, very safe. Natural gas has become incredibly inexpensive. Natural Gas is an abundant source of energy in the USA Fracking creates many new job opportunities

Negatives of Fracking Many believe it is an environmental nightmare. --- Contaminates drinking water, ruins the land, air pollution and earthquakes near the sites Clean-up - In Pa’s last extractive boom, the state was stuck with a $5 billion bill to clean up pollution from abandoned mines. Until we know more, the risks to our health and environment far outweigh any possible benefit to our economy or energy future.

Final Question: Write down, in a paragraph, whether you believe either of the following is a benefit or negative to society: 1.Nuclear Power 2.Fracking

Final Day Activity Complete the Essay and Drawing about Nuclear Power and Fracking. See worksheet.