Cloud Computing Part #1 Zigmunds Buliņš, Mg. sc. ing 1

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Computing history (1)  Abacus 2700–2300 BC 3

Computing history (2)  Babbage computer Charles Babbage 4

Computing history (3)  Z1 computer Konrad Zuse, bit floating point Z2, Z3, … Z5 Plankalkul (ALGOL) 5

Computing history (4)  Bell relays, 90 m 2, 10 t  Mark Equations  ENIAC lamps, 90 × 15 m 2, 30t, 150 kW 100 kHz, + for 0.2 ms, * for 2.8 ms 6

Computing history (5)  Philco transistors, 1200 diodes, (450 lamps) + for 1,7 microseconds, * for 40,3  CDC transistors 100 MHz 7

Computing history (6)  System , First integral DOS, OS/360  Intel bit  Intel 8088  PC XT -> PC AT (80286) 8

Performance progress (1)  2010: 2.57 petaflops  2005: teraflops  2000: 4.94 teraflops  1995: 170 gigaflops  15,100 times faster  1,650 times faster  19 times faster  The baseline 9

Performance progress (2)  In 2010, we measure the performance of the fastest supercomputers in petaflops (quadrillions of operations per second). In 1995, we used gigaflops (billions of operations per second). We are now using the scale a million times larger than we did 15 years ago. 10

Tasks and computers  Need for performance Amount of the data Resolution / quality / complexity  Growing demand More online users More applications running 11

Scaling thing (1)  Personal computer Simple, personal computing tasks 12

Scaling thing (2)  Network Common tasks, resources 13

Scaling thing (3)  Cluster Processing power, large IO

Scaling thing (4)  Cloud The topic we will speak about… 15

Cloud computing (1) 16

Cloud computing (2)  Grid computing  SOA  Client-server distributed application that distinguishes between service providers (servers) and service requesters (clients)  Peer-to-peer distributed architecture without the need for central coordination 17

5 essential characteristics  On-demand self-service  Broad network access  Resource pooling  Rapid elasticity  Measured service 18

Service models  Infrastructure (IaaS)  Platform (PaaS)  Software (SaaS)  Network (NaaS)  Database (DBaaS) 19

Deployment models  Public cloud  Community cloud  Hybrid cloud  Private cloud 20

Comparison for SaaS CriteriaPublic cloud Private cloud Initial costTypically zeroTypically high Running costPredictableUnpredictable CustomizationImpossiblePossible Privacy No (Host has access to the data) Yes Single sign-onImpossiblePossible Scaling up Easy while within defined limits Laborious but no limits 21

Virtualization (1)  VM technology allows multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical machine 22

Virtualization (2) Advantages of virtual machines: Run operating systems where the physical hardware is unavailable; Easier to create new machines, backup machines, etc.; Software testing using “clean” installs of operating systems and software; Emulate more machines than are physically available; Timeshare lightly loaded systems on one host, Debug problems (suspend and resume the problem machine); Easy migration of virtual machines (shutdown needed or not); Run legacy systems! 23

Advantages of Cloud Computing (1)  Lower computer costs  Improved performance  Reduced software costs  Instant software updates  Improved document format compatibility 24

Advantages of Cloud Computing (2)  Unlimited storage capacity  Increased data reliability  Universal document access  Latest version availability  Easier group collaboration  Device independence 25

Disadvantages of Cloud Computing (1)  Requires a constant Internet connection  Does not work well with low-speed connections  Features might be limited 26

Disadvantages of Cloud Computing (2)  Can be slow  Stored data might not be secure  Stored data can be lost  Compatibility for clouds/DB/etc. 27

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