Database System Concepts, 6 th Ed. ©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan See for conditions on re-usewww.db-book.com ICOM 5016 – Introduction to Database Systems Lecture 5 – Mobile Apps Development Dr. Manuel Rodriguez Martinez Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Slides are adapted from:

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.2Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition Objectives Describe the tradeoff associated with mobile apps Discuss the typical architecture used to organize these Show examples using jQuery Mobile Node.js Titanium

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.3Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition References (if unfamiliar) HTML & HTML 5 CSS & CSS 3 Javascript jQuery JSON AJAX REST

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.4Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition Web Apps Web sites and apps worked nice on desktop and laptop But they look terrible on mobile phones

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.5Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition The Mobile Wave Mobile market – dominated by smartphones and tablets Smartphones sales overtook PC sales in 2010  IDC report: 100M smartphones vs. 92.1M PCs Smartphones and tablet : principal devices to access the Internet No more bad or diminished experience sites Many players as well 5

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.6Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition Open911: First responder M+C Solution To handle a crisis, first responders need spatiotemporal awareness Real-time data exchange Rich-data formats 6

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.7Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition Open911: Web App M. Rodriguez- Martinez 2011 IEEE Cloud Talk7 Command center view Collect incident reports Push reports to first responders With instructions on what to do Command center view Collect incident reports Push reports to first responders With instructions on what to do

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.8Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition Open911: iPhone App First responder get notified of incident MMS or SMS Push notification Detailed information Address Map Photos, etc 8 App looks good: using UI and APIs specific for mobile

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.9Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition Convergence of Factors Mobile Wave Cloud Computing

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.10Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition Cloud Computing Cloud computing provides Massive amount of computing power Massive storage capacity All priced as a commodity Virtual Machines Applications & ServicesStorage Cloud M. Rodriguez- Martinez 10

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.11Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition The Cloud Wave Market size: $148.8 billion by 2014 (Gartner) Exponential growth US Federal Government: Cloud First Policy Many players around: open source and proprietary 11

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.12Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition Cloud Service Models Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Access to servers, storage, networking solutions Platform as a Service (PaaS) Access to application development stacks that feature databases, web servers, applications servers, etc. Software as a Service (SaaS) Access to fully operational (“turnkey”) applications (e.g., Gmail, Office 365, Facebook) 12

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.13Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition IaaS cloud service model Low-level computational resources Deploy production systems ( , web, etc.) Build other valued-added solutions 13 Virtual private network (VPN)

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.14Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition IaaS Products Cloud Computing Illustrated Copyright © 2012, M. Rodriguez- Martinez 14 EC2 S3

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.15Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition PaaS cloud service model Ready to use software development systems Integrates web, , databases, file systems, programming tools, etc. Configured to work together with “no hassle” 15

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.16Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition PaaS Products 16 Elastic Beanstalk

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.17Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition SaaS cloud service model Ready to use, fully functional application Accessed via web interface Nothing to install, simply “login and play” 17

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.18Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition SaaS Products 18

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.19Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition Mobile Plus Cloud Paradigm M. Rodriguez- Martinez 2011 IEEE Cloud Talk19 Virtual Machines ApplicationsStorage RESTful API/JSON data Cloud services consumed by first- class mobile apps Cloud services consumed by first- class mobile apps

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.20Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition jQuery Mobile Framework to build mobile apps Uses HTML 5 – UI CSS – UI Javascript – content manipulation and communications jQuery – manipulation of UI Ajax - asynchronous JavaScript and XML for communications JSON – Java Script Object notation for data representation REST – Representational State Transfer : Restful Web Services for data persistence

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.21Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition Sample App

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.22Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition JSON Java Script Object notation for data representation The problem: UNIX, Windows, Linux, Mac: they all represent data types differently. How to exchange data? JSON: Represent object independent of platform: Person - { “id” : “123”, “name” : “Jose”, “lastname” : “Diaz”} Attribute names become keys Attribute values become type value API based on a map (remember your data structures …) You can know do things like: var P= { “name” : “Jose”, “lastname” : “Diaz”} P.name P.get(“name”) P.set(“name”, “joe”)

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.23Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition REST Restful Web Services Key Idea: Data in the server can be accessed with URL! Ex: mycompany.com/humanresources/person/123 Fetched record for person 123 Response from server:  {“Person”: { “id” : “123”, “name” : “Jose”, “lastname” : “Diaz”}} Map CRUD operations to web operations CRUD – Create, Read, Update, Delete Mapping Create new object – Use HTTP POST Read object – Use HTTP GET Update object – Use HTTP PUT Delete object – Use HTTP DELETE

©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan7.24Database System Concepts - 6 th Edition Summary Mobile Apps have become the most frequent client to get data out of Internet Database Resident on Internet Cloud Computing is riding a parallel wave Mobile apps often feed from cloud-resident databases and other data sources REST Most common method to interface client and backend servers Uses HTTP to specify CRUD operations