Beef and Pork Biosecurity in the USA US-Russian Scientific Conference: “MEAT PRODUCTS SAFETY - FROM FARM TO TABLE” The V.M.Gorbatov All-Russian Meat Research Institute, Moscow, April 18-20, 2006 г. Beef and Pork Biosecurity in the USA Система анализа рисков и критических контрольных точек (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point systems), или система ХАССП, это, как известно, система обеспечения безопасности пищевых продуктов на всех этапах жизненного цикла, предусматривающая систематическую идентификацию, оценку и управление опасными факторами, существенно влияющими на безопасность продукции. Необходимость создания в России пищевого технического законодательства, гармонизированного с европейскими и международными нормами, — одна из приоритетных задач в рамках построения новой системы технического регулирования Российской Федерации. Основой его должно стать общеевропейское пищевое законодательство (схема). При этом надо учесть, что в 2004 г. Европейский Парламент и Совет Европейского Союза (ЕС), реформируя существенным образом общеевропейское законодательство в этой области, строили его на основе признанной во всем мире системы ХАССП. Perfecto Santiago, USDA, USA

FSIS Food Defense Initiatives Dr. Perfecto R. Santiago Deputy Assistant Administrator Office of Food Defense and Emergency Response Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) United States Department of Agriculture

USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) Mission: To ensure meat, poultry and egg products are safe, secure, wholesome and are accurately labeled. National Infrastructure of 15 districts, 3 laboratories, headquarters staff, and approximately 12,000 total personnel (7,500 field) Annual Budget: $950 million

Office of Food Defense and Emergency Response Created in August 2002 Mission: Develop, maintain, and coordinate all FSIS activities to prepare for, respond to, and recover from large scale food emergencies or deliberate acts of terrorism affecting the meat, poultry and egg products. Staff: 25 FT Specialists.

Food Defense Goals To prevent an attack or minimize its impact To respond rapidly and efficiently To recover quickly and restore consumer confidence in the food supply To focus activities on greatest risks Integrate food safety and food defense resources to the extent possible

Food Defense Challenges Food defense as a new and distinct dimension of food safety Lack of specific statutory authority to mandate security measures Food security education and training as a new discipline Vulnerability of multiple nodes in the farm to table continuum to bioterrorism Integration of surveillance systems of food safety regulatory agencies Disposal of large quantities of contaminated products Informing the intelligence community of food threat information OFSEP, FSIS is confronted by a number of challenges in the pursuit of its mission. First and foremost is that of making all stakeholders recognize food security as a distinct dimension of food safety.

Supplementary Authorities Homeland Security Presidential Directives (12) Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act (PL-107-188, signed June 12, 2002) Sec. 332 – Expansion of FSIS activities to include protection against bioterrorism.

Relevant Homeland Security Presidential Directives HSPD–3 – Homeland Security Advisory System HSPD-5 – Management of Domestic Incidents HSPD-7 – Critical Infrastructure Identification, Prioritization, and Protection. HSPD-8 – National Preparedness HSPD-9 – Defense of U.S. Agriculture and Food

Food Defense Initiatives Enhance Response Capabilities Conduct Vulnerability Assessments and Deploy Countermeasures Enhance International Security Conduct Research and Enhance Laboratory Security and Coordination Activities Conduct Simulation Exercises Enhance Surveillance Activities Expand Coordination with Government, Industry, and Public Partners Develop and Conduct Food Security Guidance Outreach Develop/Revise Procedures for Threat Levels Conduct Ongoing Workforce Education and Training

Enhance Response Capabilities Establish the Emergency Management Committee (EMC) Revise 6500.1 – Emergency Incident Response Establish Incident Commander and responsibilities Develop an Incident Action Plan Include natural disasters as non-routine incidents Establish a Situation Room for EMC activities Establish documentation procedures (Non-Routine Incident Report) Identify lessons learned after each EMC activation/exercise Ensure delivery of essential functions in emergencies

Enhance Response Capabilities Developing a Directive on Decontamination and Disposal Developing a list of Subject Matter Experts (SME’s) Developing State Food Safety and Security Contact Guide and an Integrated State Emergency Contact List for all District Offices

Conduct Vulnerability Assessments and Deploy Countermeasures Conduct/Update Vulnerability Assessments (VA) of domestic and imported Product using CARVER+Shock 8 completed VA’s on domestic and imported foods Strategic Partnership Program Agroterrorism Validate completed V A’s New VA Identify new technologies as countermeasures for vulnerabilities

CARVER Considers seven factors that affect the attractiveness of a target: Criticality – Public health and economic impacts to achieve the attacker’s intent Accessibility – Physical access to the target Recuperability – Ability of the system to recover from the attack Vulnerability – Ease of accomplishing the attack Effect – Amount of direct loss from an attack Recognizability – Ease of identifying a target Shock – Combined physical, public health, psychological, and economic effects of an attack

Enhance International Security Hire additional Import Surveillance Liaison Officers (ISLO’s) Established a Memorandum of Understanding with Customs and Border Protection. Conduct vulnerability assessment on illegal imports. Link FSIS with International Trade Data System (ITDS) Participate in the G8 Meeting of Experts ISLO– 20 initially hired in March 2003 to work closely with CBP to conduct additional surveillance activities at 139 import warehouses. .

Conduct Research and Enhance Laboratory Security and Coordination Testing emergency response plans of three FSIS laboratories Co-chairs (with FDA) the Integrated Consortium of Laboratory Networks Signed an MOU with Lawrence Livermore Laboratory and Aberdeen Laboratories OPHS -Food Emergency Response Network (FERN) Division Established a Biosecurity Level 3 Laboratory in Athens, GA. Conducting research on a number of threat agents. Planning workshops on VA with APEC countries

Conduct Simulation Exercises (6) State Exercises in 2006 in 6 Districts –Albany,NY., Raleigh,NC.(completed), Madison, WI.,Alameda, CA (completed), Chicago, Ill., Minneapolis, MN.) – Incident Command System Non Routine Incident Reporting

Enhance Surveillance Activities Enhanced Consumer Complaint Monitoring System 24/7 operations Linkage with States Continue performing food defense verification activities and analyze findings. Developing the Automated Non-Routine Incident Reporting System (NRIMS) Developing Food and Agriculture Bio Surveillance Integration System (FABIS) and link to National Integrated Bio Surveillance System (NBIS) Member of the USDA Intelligence Council Enhancing coordination with regional, local intelligence community Analyze food safety samples for threat agents as well.

Expand Coordination with Government, Industry and Public Partners Established an MOU with Customs and Border Protection Developed a template for food emergency response through a cooperative agreement with National Association of State Departments of Agriculture Coordinating with Association of Food and Drug Officials on food defense initiatives Participating in the Strategic Partnership Program Agroterrorism (SPPA) Initiative Conducting joint exercises with state and local responders on ICS/NRIR systems. SPPA – with FDA, DHS and FBI to collaborate with states and private industry to protect the nation’s food supply from terrorists threats.

Develop Food Security Guidelines and Conduct Outreach Initiatives Conducted Food Security Awareness Training Developed Model Food Defense Plans (4) Conducted workshops on Model Food Security Plans “Food Security – Make it Your Business” Puerto Rico Webcast – Dec. 9 Developed Food Security Self-Assessment Checklist CARVER + Shock Briefings of the Industry Food Products Association National Meat Association United Egg Association National Chicken Council Farm Service Agency (FSA)

Food Defense Guidelines Food processors, transporters, distributors, consumers and FSIS employees Available at: www.fsis.usda.gov Part of our outreach efforts, FSIS developed guidelines designed to assist small food processors, shippers, and distributors. These voluntary guidelines provide a list of safety and defense measures that these entities should consider taking to strengthen their food safety and food defense plans. One of the guidelines is for the establishment to contact their local law enforcement to report suspicious activity. Similar guidance was also issued for consumers which includes information on safe food handling, keeping foods safe during an emergency and to watch for signs of tampering. And we recently issued guidance for our employees on their role in homeland security and what to do in the event of a biological, chemical or radiological attack. These are available in hard copy in English and Spanish—although we have a limited supply at the moment. The processors and transportation guidelines are also available on our web site in Korean, Chinese & Vietnamese.

Develop/Revise Procedures for Threat Levels Updating Agency responses to different threat declaration levels Revising FSIS Directives 5420.1 5420.1 (Rev. 2) – July 20, 2005 Reduce number of food security verification procedures to focus surveillance activities on areas with the highest risks. EXPANDED FIELD OF SELECTION OF 08S PROCEDURES FROM 5 TO 11 DISCUSSION OF FOOD DEFENSE PLANS AND moi AFTER EACH ONE IS CRITICAL IN SUSTAINING THE VOLUNTARY APPROACH WE ARE PURSUING. ALSO LAYING THE GROUNDWORK FOR THE COLLECTION OF BASELINE INFORMATION TO SUPPORT RULEMAKING. PLEASE MAKE SURE MOI GETS TO THE DO!! NOTE THE SUBTLETIES FOR HANDLING REPEATED BREACHES!!

Conduct Workforce Education and Training Conducted Bio Security Awareness Training Training of Veterinarians on Foreign Animal Diseases Developing Advanced Food Defense Training on Weapons of Mass Destruction and Critical Infrastructure Protection Developing Security Interactive Knowledge Exchange (SIKES) Incident Command System Training – ICS 100, ICS 200

Next Steps.. To sustain the recognition of food defense as a distinct dimension of food safety. To establish an integrated surveillance database framework that will fuse all existing systems of the agency and link it to a national surveillance database. To enhance international coordination with partner countries in the protection of critical infrastructures esp. food and agriculture from intentional attacks. To intensify efforts to control illegal imports Homeland security roles/responsibilities to be incorporated in the performance plan of all employees under MISSION SUPPORT.

Thank you.. QUESTIONS? Contact Information: Dr. Perfecto R. Santiago (201) 205-0452 Perfecto.santiago@fsis.usda.gov