C HAPTER 19: V IDEO E DITING

V OCABULARY : Assemble Edit Mode: Linear editing process in which using a blacked tape in the recorder is not necessary. Assemble edit mode saves in overall editing time, but is more likely to create glitches because the control track is broken on the edited master tape with each edit performed. Assemble Edit Technique: Method of editing where scenes are edited in the order they will be seen in the finished program while the editing system is set in insert edit mode. Audio Delay Edit: Edit that cuts to the video portion of the next scene before the corresponding audio of the new scene is heard by the audience. Backspace: When both the source and record machines automatically rewind the tape to a point about 5 to 7 seconds before the marked edit-in point. Bin: Folder on a NLE computer that contains all of the footage for a program that has been loaded onto the hard drive. A thumbnail icon of a frame of each video clip contained in the bin may be viewed in a window on the computer monitor.

V OCABULARY (C ONTINUED ): Control Track Editing: Method of linear editing where the editing system uses the inaudible control track pulses as reference point for setting, locating, and using edit points. Control Track Logic (CTL): The most common and least expensive type of linear editing system available. Crash Bang Editing: Type of nonprofessional linear editing that is accomplished using only two consumer VCRs, neither of which is a video editor. Cut Rate: See Pace. Distribution Amplifier (DA): Machine used when a signal must be split and sent to multiple outputs. The signal is amplified before it is split so that each output received nearly 100% of the original signal. Dub: Copy of the master videotape. Also called a Dup. Dup: See Dub.

V OCABULARY (C ONTINUED ): Editing: Process of selecting the good portions of raw video footage and combining them into a coherent, sequential, and complete television program. Also includes post-production additions of music and sound effects, as well as effects used as scene transitions. Edit Controller: Remote console that controls the editing and operation functions of both the source and record VCRs. Edit Decision List (EDL): List that notes which take of each scene should be used in the final program and the location of each take on the raw footage tape. This is done in real time as the program is being shot. Edit Points: Specific locations on the videotape where an edit should begin and end. Edit Through Black: An Edit in which a cut is made during the black that appears on screen between a fade out and a fade in. Also called Kiss Black.

V OCABULARY (C ONTINUED ): Edit Transition: The way in which one scene ends and the next scene begins. Edit Trim: Linear editing system feature that allows the operator to move edit points forward or backward one frame at a time. Insert Edit Mode: Linear editing process that requires a control track signal be recorded on the edit master videotape. With a control track on the tape, additional video or audio may be added later in the editing process without causing glitches. Insert Edit Technique: Method of linear editing where either video or audio may be inserted on top of existing video and audio tracks. Any existing audio or video is erased in the process, but no glitches are created. Kiss Black: See Edit Through Black. Linear Editing System: Video editing equipment that is based on videotape. Raw footage is placed in a source VCR and the “good” takes of the program footage are copied, in the order the audience will see them, to a tape in the record VCR.

V OCABULARY (C ONTINUED ): Lock-up Time: Amount of time it takes after pressing PLAY, for the machine to get the tape up to speed and produce a stable picture. Matched Cut: Type of edit in which a similar action, concept, item, or a combination of these is placed on either side of a cut. Matched Dissolve: Type of edit in which a similar action, concept, item, or a combination of these is placed on either side of a dissolve. Mode: Function available on editing system equipment; an available operation on a piece of equipment. Nonlinear Editing System (NLE): Video editing equipment that is based on digital technology and uses high-capacity computer hard drives to store and process video and audio. The taped new footage is converted to a digital format, copied to a computer’s hard drive, and may be arranged and otherwise manipulated. This system uses bins. The digitized scenes are arranged along a timeline in the order they will appear in the finished program.

V OCABULARY (C ONTINUED ): Pace: Frequency of cuts or edits, per minute, during a program. Also referred to as Cut Rate. Pre-Roll: Rolling the tape in the source and record machines forward until reaching the edit-in point-automatically performed after backspacing is complete. Processing Amplifier (Proc Amp): Machine that corrects some color and brightness problems in the video signal passing through it. This piece of equipment is commonly used when recording and/or duplicating videotapes. Source VCR: A VCR into which raw camera footage is placed for linear editing. Technique: Manner in which a person performs a task or completes a procedure.

V OCABULARY (C ONTINUED ): Time Base Corrector (TBC): Machine that corrects any quality related imperfections in the video and audio signals caused by mechanical errors associated with the VCR’s functionality. Time Coding: System of assigning each frame of a video a specific number, line an address. Video Delay Edit: An edit that cuts to the audio portion of the next scene before the corresponding video of the new scene is seen by the audience. Video Generation: A generation is each duplication of the original camera footage. Noted sequentially.