INDIAN POWER SECTOR

ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT As per Constitution of India, Electricity comes under concurrent list i.e. the development and management of power sector would be governed by both Central as well as State governments.

INDIAN POWER SECTOR AGENCIES: Central Electricity Authority Central Sector Utilities State Sector Utilities Consortiums – Joint Utilities Bulk Licensees Independent Power Producers

INDIAN POWER SECTOR CENTRAL SECTOR UTILITIES Generating Utilities: - NTPC, NHPC, NPCIL … Transmission Utilities: - POWERGRID … Regional Control Centres: - RLDCs(CTU) Power Trading Utilities: - PTC … Financing Utilities: - PFC … Training Utilities - NPTI …

INDIAN POWER SECTOR STATE SECTOR UTILITIES Transmission Corporations (TRANSCOs) State Control Centres – SLDCs (STUs) Generation Corporations (GENCOs) Distribution Corporations (DISCOMs) Vertically Integrated Utilities (SEBs)

INDIAN POWER SECTOR OTHER UTILITIES Consortiums : - BBMB, ……., … Bulk Licencees: - CESC, BSES, TATA POWER … Independent Power Producers : -IPPs(Central,State …)

INDIAN POWER SECTOR REGULATORS Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) State Electricity Regulatory Commissions (SERCs)

INDIAN POWER SECTOR CENTRAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY FUNCTIONS: Development of National Power Policy To act as an arbitrator To carry out studies relating to cost, efficiency, losses and such like matters Promote research in matters connecting electricity To make arrangements for advancing the skill of persons in the generation and supply of electricity Advise central government in such related matters

INDIAN POWER SECTOR CENTRAL TRANSMISSION UTILITY FUNCTIONS: Undertake transmission of energy through inter-State transmission system (ISTS) Discharge all functions of planning and co-ordination relating to ISTS with other agencies Exercise supervision and control over the ISTS Operate the Regional Load Despatch Centres Direction, Control and supervision of the functions of Transmission Licencees

INDIAN POWER SCENARIO MANAGEMENT OF POWER SYSTEM Grid operation & management on regional basis - Broadly five regional grids viz. northern, western, southern, eastern and north-eastern Grid Interconnections through asynchronous links Inter Regional Radial Feeds at 220 kV/400 kV

INDIAN POWER SCENARIO POWER SCENARIO AT A GLANCE Installed Capacity MW Composition: Coal – 71%, Hydro – 25%, Nuclear and others – 4% Requirement Peak-MW MW Energy 1430 MU/day Availabilty Peak-MW MW Energy 1325 MU/day

INDIAN POWER SCENARIO INDIAN TRANSMISSION SYSTEM – PRESENT All Figs are In Ckt. Kms Voltage Level State Central (POWERGRID) Total HVDC1,5041,6323, KV KV13,00032,50045, /132 KV2,06,0009,0002,15,000

INDIAN POWER SCENARIO PLAN FOR NATIONAL GRID: PHASE – I (by 2002) Interconnection of Regional Grids through HVDC Back-to-Back links - To take care of widely varied operational parameters Under Operation  North – West: 500MW Vindhyachal Back-to-Back  West – South: 1000MW Chandrapur Back-to-Back  East – South: 500MW Gazuwaka Back-to-Back Under Construction  East – North: 500MW Sasaram Back-to-Back Link between ER and NR is the last link of phase-I to be completed by Oct., With Completion of Phase-I, Cumulative Inter regional Capacity would be 4850 MW

For efficient, secured and reliable operation of the grid and inter-regional power exchange, POWERGRID has planned for Unified Load Despatch schemes in all five Regional Grids  Northern Region : In operation  Southern Region : In operation  North-eastern Region: Under implementation - completion by June, 2003  Eastern Region: Under implementation - completion by Sept, 2003  Western Region: NIT to be issued – completion by January, 2005 Estimated Cost of above projects : US $ 470 million (Rs Cr). National Load Despatch Schemeinter-connecting all the five ULDCs has also been planned  Feasibility Report is under preparation  Expected completion schedule – by 2007  Estimated Cost : US $ 54 million (Rs. 250Cr) Unified Load Despatch & Communication

Hierarchical setup of Regional ULDC REGIONAL LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE RTU SUB LDC SLDC NRLDC WRLDCERLDC SRLDCNERLDC STATE LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE AREA LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE REMOTE TERMINAL UNIT (AT SUB-STATIONS & GENERATING STNS NLDC NATIONAL LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE SLDC SUB LDC RTU

INDIAN POWER SCENARIO DEMAND SUPPLY SCENARIO BY 2012 Projected Peak Demand- 157,000 MW Capacity addition envisaged –  In 10 th Plan- 45,000 MW  In 11 th Plan- 55,000 MW (Approx MW Capacity Addition per Year) Major Resources for Capacity Addition  Hydro potential in J&K, HP & NER  Coal potential in Bihar, Orissa  Bulk power need to be transferred from ER/NER to other deficit regions

INDIAN POWER SCENARIO PLAN FOR NATIONAL GRID: PHASE–II (by 2007) High capacity “Transmission highways” along with major generation projects Highways already constructed Kishenpur - Moga 765 kV 2xS/c in J&K Kathalguri – Malda 400kV D/c in NER Hybrid HVAC and HVDC interconnection planned Implementation already commenced 2000 MW HVDC bipole between Talcher-Kolar bet. ER & SR 400kV AC link between Rourkela and Raipur bet. ER & WR High capacity 400 kV link from Tala to Delhi bet. ER & NR 2 nd Gazuwaka HVDC back-to-back by 500MW bet ER & SR About 5000 ckt. km of 765 kV lines planned alongwith Mega projects in ER With the completion of Phase-II, the inter-regional capacity would be 23,000 MW

INDIAN POWER SCENARIO PLAN FOR NATIONAL GRID: PHASE–III (by 2012) Strengthening of inter-regional link to have a ring of 765kV lines inter-connecting Northern, Western and Eastern Regions ER inter-connection with SR to be strengthened through HVDC lines (asynchronous link) Completion of Phase-III would lead to cumulative capacity of inter-regional link to 30,000 MW

Growth of Cumulative capacity of Inter-regional links