A workshop sponsored by George Asquith

‘Sir I can’t draw’ This is a doing workshop.

On the A3 sheet draw me a house in 30 seconds.

Have you ever been taught to draw? Are you worried about what others will say? Did I give you enough information? Did you find the paper size intimidating?

Do not assume your students can draw.

Warm ups

Drawing is no different, we need to warm up.

On A5 paper In a space about the same size as a postage stamp, draw a set of horizontal lines. Do not draw a border.

Ok we have got our eye in.

We need a system Our colleagues in the Primary sector have a system for teaching writing and forming letters.

They practice this system every day If we had a system, teaching children to draw and it was taught in the Primary Schools, where would that take us?

We need to teach the students how to draw before asking them to design We need to teach the students how to draw before asking them to design. However drawing is not the only way to design

We need to support our students Drawing can be taught. Use a strategy. Drawing is about putting ideas on paper. It is not about being a Leonardo.

All man made objects are made up from geometric shapes All man made objects are made up from geometric shapes. We need to be able to draw these shapes and combine them together.

Let us draw.

All man made objects are made up from geometrical shapes All man made objects are made up from geometrical shapes. We need to be able to draw these shapes and then add them together.

Drawing Draw as many cubes as you can in three minutes. No overlaps

Add the missing lines

Draw a cuboid

Make changes Change the rectangular prism. Make it into a recognisable object. Be adventurous, don’t just draw a fridge or a wardrobe.

Help your students gain confidence. We have used lined paper We have used dot paper We will now use an underlay and detail paper.

Putting shapes together to make a whole. Your students will need a lot of practice at this stage. They have to understand the concept of bringing shapes together to make a whole. In many areas of D&T setting relevant homework is a pain and another chore we don’t need. Prepare some homework sheets on drawing. Use these at various stages to encourage practice. It could be that you name the shapes they have to use.

Using the underlay Use three or more shapes or parts of shapes from the underlay and create three recognisable objects.

Isometric drawing

Isometric drawing This is a recognised system of drawing to represent 3D objects. In Isometric drawings the horizontal lines are turned to 30 degrees to the horizontal. All vertical lines remain vertical.

Using an Isometric grid Using the isometric grid paper in portrait mode draw a cube, a cuboid, a rectangular prism and a ‘toblerone’

Isometric drawing Drawing circles and curves in isometric is not easy. If you can use drawing aids such as stencils or the wonderful invention of Mark Wemess-Holden the Iso-Sketch. Circles are best left a little longer until confidence is gained.

Using the Iso-Sketch

Where should we go next? Let us put the drawing aids away

Crating Crating is an aid of our own making. It is a ‘wire’ frame on or in which to draw. Previously we have followed lines and shapes made for us or used stencils. We now need to be able to take the confidence given by these aids and draw for ourselves.

Let us first go back to warm ups.

Drawing a cube Move the paper Draw light lines Do not worry about the overlapping lines

Drawing a cube

We now need to practice Draw as many different shapes as you can in 5 minutes on the plain sheet.

Draw the best cube you can freehand.

Thick and thin lines 40

AQA expectations You are expected to be able to draw 3D objects and add different line thicknesses to make the drawings look more impressive.

Graphic 5 sheet: Thick and Thin Line The thick and thin line is a drawing technique that is used by industry. THICK LINE :A line where you can NOT see what it is joined to. THIN LINE: A Line where you can see a connecting side. Think of a spider walking over the shape. If the spider turns the corners and it would disappear then use a thick line.

Think of a spider walking around this cube. Graphic 5 sheet: Thick and Thin Line Think of a spider walking around this cube.

Graphic 5 sheet: Thick and Thin Line Think of a spider walking around this cube. If this spider was to turn this corner, would you be able to see him? No he would disappear meaning it is what sort of line? THICK line as you cannot see the connecting side.

Graphic 5 sheet: Thick and Thin Line Think of a spider walking around this cube. If this spider was to turn this corner, would you be able to see him? Yes he would disappear meaning it is what sort of line? THIN line as you can see the connecting side.

Graphic 5 sheet: Thick and Thin Line Do you know which lines should be thick and which lines should be thin? Think of the walking spider.

Thick: As you can not see the side it is connected to. Graphic 5 sheet: Thick and Thin Line Thick: As you can not see the side it is connected to. Back

Thick: As you can not see the side it is connected to. Graphic 5 sheet: Thick and Thin Line Thick: As you can not see the side it is connected to. Back

Thick: As you can not see the side it is connected to. Graphic 5 sheet: Thick and Thin Line Thick: As you can not see the side it is connected to. Back

Thick: As you can not see the side it is connected to. Graphic 5 sheet: Thick and Thin Line Thick: As you can not see the side it is connected to. Back

Thick: As you can not see the side it is connected to. Graphic 5 sheet: Thick and Thin Line Thick: As you can not see the side it is connected to. Back

Thick: As you can not see the side it is connected to. Graphic 5 sheet: Thick and Thin Line Thick: As you can not see the side it is connected to. Back

Graphic 5 sheet: Thick and Thin Line Do you know which lines should be thick and which lines should be thin? THIN: These lines are thin as you can see the sides they are joined to. Back

Graphic 5 sheet: Thick and Thin Line The finished shape should look like this. Now add this rule to your final shape.

Graphic 7 sheet: Thick and Thin Line The thick and thin line is a drawing technique that is used by industry. THICK LINE :A line where you can NOT see what it is joined to. THIN LINE: A Line where you can see a connecting side. Think of a spider walking over the shape. If the spider turns the corners and it would disappear then use a thick line.

Think of a spider walking around this cube. Graphic sheet: Thick and Thin Line Think of a spider walking around this cube.

Graphic 7 sheet: Thick and Thin Line Think of a spider walking around this cube. If this spider was to turn this corner, would you be able to see him? No he would disappear meaning it is what sort of line? THICK line as you cannot see the connecting side.

Graphic 7 sheet: Thick and Thin Line Think of a spider walking around this cube. If this spider was to turn this corner, would you be able to see him? Yes he would disappear meaning it is what sort of line? THIN line as you can see the connecting side.

Graphic 7 sheet Think of the spider walking around this house: If he turns a corner and CAN see him then it is a THIN line. If he turns a corner and CAN NOT see him then it is a THICK line.

Graphic 7 sheet This is a section of the house. If the spider was to turn this corner would you be able to see him? No, so what sort of line would that be? THICK line

Graphic 7 sheet You need to add thick and thin line to the house. If he turns a corner and CAN see him then it is a THIN line. If he turns a corner and CAN NOT see him then it is a THICK line.

This is how it should look when you have finished. Graphic 7 sheet . This is how it should look when you have finished.

We have drawn shapes we now need to show form

Lets add form

Orthographic Projection 65

AQA expectations You are expected to be able to draw orthographic views of 3D objects and should be able to master this using drawing instruments as well as freehand. These slides take you through the basic steps

Orthographic Projection This is the main style of working drawing used across the world by manufacturers. With the exception of the USA a convention called Third Angle Projection is used. In the UK the British Standards Institute (BSI) govern the use of the convention. On all Third Angle drawings a symbol is displayed. This shows the reader which convention is used.

Why Third Angle? What is Third Angle? Each of four quadrants formed by two intersecting planes are called angles and are numbered from the top right in a clockwise direction. Imagine the planes are clear acrylic sheets. 3rd

The third quadrant Imagine that an object, in this case a dice is suspended in the third quadrant.

Advantages The advantage of using Third Angle Projection is that the side and plan views are drawn in the same relationship to the front as they are in real life.

Positioning The plan is drawn above the object (where it is seen). The side/end is drawn at the side it represents. The front is projected onto the front plane.

Opening the planes The acrylic planes are now opened out flat.

The rules The rules are laid down by BSI. All Orthographic Drawings need to carry the third angle symbol. All drawings need to have in indication of scale. Scale 1:1

Dimensioning Drawings need dimensions (measurements). dimensions need to be read from the bottom or the right and be in millimetres. projection lines must not touch the drawing. arrows should touch the projection lines. circles are given as a diameter and curves as a radius.

Orthographic Projection 8 the rules Drawings need dimensions (measurements). (1) dimensions need to be read from the bottom or the right and be in millimetres. (2) projection lines must not touch the drawing. (3) arrows should touch the projection lines. (4) circles are given as a diameter and curves as a radius.