CELL STRUCTURE & FUNCTION NOTES

Plant Cell Animal Cell mitochondrion ribosomes cell membrane nucleolus nucleus DNA cell membrane vacuole cell wall nucleolus mitochondrion endoplasmic reticulum chloroplast ribosomes Plant Cell lysosome ribosomes cell membrane nucleolus endoplasmic reticulum mitochondrion cytoplasm vacuole nucleus Golgi complex DNA Animal Cell

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

A. CELL THEORY 1) All living things are made of one or more cells. 2) Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things. 3) Living cells come only from other living cells.

C) ANIMAL VS. PLANT CELLS: No Cell wall Cell wall Small Vacuoles Large Vacuoles Large No Chloroplasts Chloroplasts

D) SOME CELL TERMS & STRUCTURES: 1) ORGANELLES: tiny organs in the cell. 2) CYTOPLASM: fluid filling inside the cell membrane. makes up the majority of cell’s mass.

Organelles Cytoplasm

controls movement of materials into and out of the cell 3) CELL MEMBRANE controls movement of materials into and out of the cell holds cell together Cell membrane Animal Cell

4) CELL WALL found in plant cells not animal cells provides strength and support for plant cells. made of cellulose (long chains of sugar molecules)

Cell wall Plant Cell Cell membrane

E) ORGANELLES OF CELLS: 1) Nucleus: the control center of the cell stores DNA (a) nucleolus - dark spot inside the nucleus, which makes ribosomes.

(b). nuclear membrane - controls. movement of materials in and (b) nuclear membrane - controls movement of materials in and out of nucleus. (c) DNA - stores information for making proteins

Animal Cell Nucleus DNA Nucleolus Nuclear membrane

2) RIBOSOME tiny grain like particles usually found along the E.R. proteins are made here Ribosome Proteins Amino acids

3) Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): makes lipids the delivery system of the cell for compounds such as proteins through its tubular connections.

Endoplasmic reticulum Ribosomes Animal Cell

Mitochondria 4) Mitochondria: the “Power House” of the cell Outer membrane Inner membrane chloroplast 4) Mitochondria: the “Power House” of the cell releases energy packets of ATP for use in the cell.

Mitochondria

Chloroplast 5) Chloroplast: “Solar Panels” for capturing energy Outer membrane Inner membrane 5) Chloroplast: “Solar Panels” for capturing energy they use energy from sunlight to make food in plant cells (i.e. glucose).

Chloroplast Vacuole Plant Cell Mitochondria Cell membrane

Animal Cell Plant Cell Vacuole 6) Vacuole: “Storage Tanks” of the cell store water, food and waste.

Golgi complex 7) Golgi body: Animal Cell 7) Golgi body: packages and transports materials out of the cell.

Lysosome 8) Lysosome: “Clean-up and Recycling Crew” Vesicle with food Animal Cell Lysosome 8) Lysosome: “Clean-up and Recycling Crew” digest food particles, wastes, cell parts, and foreign invaders.

Summary of organelles and their functions

White Blood Cells Red Blood Cells