Parts of the Cell. Prokaryotic Cells (b) A thin section through the bacterium Bacillus coagulans (TEM) Pili: attachment structures on the surface of some.

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Presentation transcript:

Parts of the Cell

Prokaryotic Cells (b) A thin section through the bacterium Bacillus coagulans (TEM) Pili: attachment structures on the surface of some prokaryotes Nucleoid: region where the cell’s DNA is located (not enclosed by a membrane) Ribosomes: organelles that synthesize proteins Plasma membrane: membrane enclosing the cytoplasm Cell wall: rigid structure outside the plasma membrane Capsule: jelly-like outer coating of many prokaryotes Flagella: locomotion organelles of some bacteria (a) A typical rod-shaped bacterium 0.5 µm Bacterial chromosome

Animal Cell Cell Membrane Various Shapes Obtain Energy

Plant Cell Cell Membrane & Cell Wall Boxlike Photosynthesis Chlorophyll

Animal Cell Does Not have a Cell Wall

Organelles Parts of the cell Cytoplasm- Fluid outside of the nucleus containing organelles.

Nucleus Control center of the cell containing the DNA & Chromosomes.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Highway system for moving information from the nucleus.

2 Types of ER 1.Rough- has ribosomes 2. Smooth- lacks Ribosomes

Ribosomes Place where proteins are made.

Golgi Apparatus “Shipping & Receiving Center” Takes proteins from ribosome and ships them to the parts of the cell they are needed.

Moving Information in the Cell 1. Nucleus (DNA/RNA) 2. ER 3. Ribosomes 4. Golgi 5. Cell

Lysosome “Cleanup Crew/Janitor” removes waste from the cell.

Vacuoles Cellular Storage unit Animal Cells- stores energy Plants Cells- stores water

Mitochondria “Power Plant” makes the energy in animal cells (ATP) Cell Respiration

Chloroplast Only in Plant Cells. Collects sunlight in plants for photosynthesis.

Cilia and Flagella Cilia- short hairlike projections, used for movement Flagella- tail like structure used for movement

Cytoskeleton Network of protein filaments that help maintain cell shape and are involved in movement 2 filaments that make up cytoskeleton Microfilament- threadlike structure made of a protein called ACTIN that aid in movement Microtubules- Hollow structures made up of proteins known as tubulins used to maintain shape. Important in cell division where they form mitotic spindles (Cilia and flagella)

Centrioles Located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division. NOT FOUND IN PLANT CELS!!!

Boundaries of the Cell Cell Membrane Outer boundary of animal cells Cell Wall Outer boundary of plant cells

Lipid Bilayer Double layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes. Provides a strong barrier between the cell and its surroundings.