KEY CONCEPT Eukaryotic cells share many similarities.

FL NGSSS SC.912.L.14.3 Compare and contrast the general structures of plant and animal cells

Cells have an internal structure. Epifluorescence microscopy; magnification 750 X. The cytoskeleton includes microtubules( green) and microfilaments (red). The cytoskeleton supports and shapes the cell. The cytoskeleton includes microtubules( green) and microfilaments (red). Epifluorescence microscopy; magnification 750 X.

Cells have an internal structure. The cytoskeleton has many functions.

Cells have an internal structure. The cytoskeleton has many functions. supports and shapes cell

Cells have an internal structure. The cytoskeleton has many functions. supports and shapes cell helps position and transport organelles

Cells have an internal structure. The cytoskeleton has many functions. supports and shapes cell helps position and transport organelles provides strength

Cells have an internal structure. The cytoskeleton has many functions. supports and shapes cell helps position and transport organelles provides strength assists in cell division

Cells have an internal structure. The cytoskeleton has many functions. supports and shapes cell helps position and transport organelles provides strength assists in cell division aids in cell movement

Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins.

Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. The nucleus stores genetic information. colored SEM; magnification 90,000X The nucleus stores and protects DNA colored SEM magnification 90,000 X

Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. The nucleus stores genetic information. Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum. The endoplasmic reticulum aids in the production of proteins and lipids. colored TEM; magnification 20,000 X The endoplasmic reticulum aids in the production of proteins and lipids.

Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. The nucleus stores genetic information. Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum.

Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. The nucleus stores genetic information. Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum. rough endoplasmic reticulum

Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. The nucleus stores genetic information. Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum. rough endoplasmic reticulum smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. (continued)

Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. (continued) Ribosomes link amino acids to form proteins.

Section 3 Summary – page 179-187 Assembly, Transport, and Storage Golgi Apparatus Section 3 Summary – page 179-187

Golgi Apparatus Function finishes, sorts, labels & ships proteins like UPS headquarters shipping & receiving department ships proteins in vesicles “UPS trucks” Structure membrane sacs vesicles carrying proteins transport vesicles

Ribosomes link amino acids to form proteins. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. (continued) Ribosomes link amino acids to form proteins. Vesicles are membrane-bound sacs that hold materials. colored SEM; magnification 20,000X

endoplasmic reticulum nucleus protein on its way! DNA TO: RNA vesicle TO: TO: vesicle ribosomes TO: protein finished protein Golgi apparatus Making Proteins

Other organelles have various functions.

Other organelles have various functions. Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. colored TEM; magnification 33,000X

Other organelles have various functions. Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials. colored TEM; magnification 9000X

Section 3 Summary – page 179-187 Vacuoles and storage Vacuoles are membrane-bound spaces used for temporary storage of materials. Notice the difference between vacuoles in plant and animal cells. Plant Cell Vacuole Animal Cell Section 3 Summary – page 179-187

Other organelles have various functions. Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials. Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material. colored TEM; magnification 9000X

Other organelles have various functions. Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials. Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material. Centrioles are tubes found in the centrosomes. colored TEM; magnification 35,000X

Other organelles have various functions. Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials. Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material. Centrioles are tubes found in the centrosomes. Centrioles help divide DNA.

Other organelles have various functions. Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials. Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material. Centrioles are tubes found in the centrosomes. Centrioles help divide DNA. Centrioles form cilia and flagella.

Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts.

Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts. A cell wall provides rigid support. LM; magnification 3000X

Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts. A cell wall provides rigid support. Chloroplasts convert solar energy to chemical energy. colored TEM; magnification 21,000X Common Misconception: Because of the ways cells are portrayed, with only a few representatives of each organelle shown, students may think of a cell as a bag of cytoplasm with a loose assortment of organelles floating about. Correcting the Misconception: Quantitative analysis of cell material shows that the parts of the cell are so numerous that they constantly bump up against one another and agaisnt the cell membrane and cytoskeloton.

PLANT VERSUS ANIMAL CELL PLANT CELLS : - HAVE CHLOROPLASTS (for photosynthesis—makes sugar) - NO CENTRIOLES - HAVE A CELL WALL AND CELL MEMBRANE - HAVE A LARGE VACUOLE ANIMAL CELLS : -NO CHLOROPLASTS -HAVE CENTRIOLES -HAVE A CELL MEMBRANE BUT NO CELL WALL -HAVE SMALL VACUOLES

Cell Summary Cells have 3 main jobs make energy need food + O2 cellular respiration & photosynthesis need to remove wastes make proteins need instructions from DNA need to chain together amino acids & “finish” & “ship” the protein make more cells need to copy DNA & divide it up to daughter cells Our organelles do all those jobs!

Common Misconception: Because of the ways cells are portrayed, with only a few representatives of each organelle shown, students may think of a cell as a bag of cytoplasm with a loose assortment of organelles floating about. Correcting the Misconception: Quantitative analysis of cell material shows that the parts of the cell are so numerous that they constantly bump up against one another and against the cell membrane and cytoskeleton.